Research on safety protection technology of 3.7v 3000mah 18650 battery

In order to help enterprises objectively analyze the operation of the power battery industry, correctly grasp the development trend of the industry, and increase the development and application of power and energy storage batteries, the "Fifth China Battery Market Annual Conference, the First Power Battery Application International Summit, and the China Battery Industry Intelligent Manufacturing Seminar" jointly sponsored by the China Chemical and Physical Power Industry Association and Battery China Network, and co-organized by Shuangdeng Group Co., Ltd. and Yineng (Beijing) Network Technology Co., Ltd., kicked off in Beijing. This annual meeting brought together more than 500 people including leaders of government departments, experts from well-known scientific research institutions, entrepreneurs from the upstream, midstream and downstream of the new energy vehicle power battery industry chain, representatives of investment institutions, and media reporters.

At this meeting, Yang Xulai, executive vice president of the Engineering Research Institute, made a special report entitled "Research on Safety Protection Technology of 3.7v 3000mah 18650 battery". The following is The content is compiled based on shorthand, and has not been reviewed by me. It is for reference only.

Yang Xulai: Thank you, Mr. Zhang, and thank you for the invitation from the China Chemical and Physical Power Industry Association. I originally planned to work on cascade utilization in the afternoon, but then I thought about it and we are also working on cascade utilization, including the standards of the China Automotive Technology Research Center. We are also involved in the formulation of the standards. Because the recycling technology was discussed once in Qinghai before, I want to change the topic to safety. Because I think safety is basically an eternal topic in the industry, and I have mentioned before that the safety of various batteries in the industry has attracted much attention. I will now talk about Guoxuan’s thoughts on safety and our own exploration. It may not be mature, but it is only for everyone to share.

My report today is divided into three parts:

First, a brief introduction from the industry background.

Second, including Guoxuan’s own eyes or the industry Impression of Guoxuan.

Third, industrial exploration.

I wrote briefly. As far as new energy vehicles are concerned, they are currently the key to the leapfrog development of our country's industry. In the "12th Five-Year Plan", 379,000 vehicles have reached the predetermined target in the past year. The "13th Five-Year Plan" also proposed such a scale. There must be a reason for the country to propose this. It is definitely not a problem to continue to complete the "13th Five-Year Plan". In addition, from the policy level and the market level, from 200 kilometers to 600 kilometers, you can take the high-speed rail, just like I come from Hefei for 4 and a half hours each time, which is much more convenient than taking a plane. It is convenient to take a plane for more than 600 kilometers, and for less than 200 kilometers, basically this mileage is left to the new energy vehicle market. The dual-wheel drive of policy and market will definitely complete the "13th Five-Year Plan" new energy vehicle plan.

3.7v 3000mah 18650 battery are the core components of new energy vehicles , we have listed them briefly here. At present, the driving range has restricted the development of new energy vehicles to a certain extent. In terms of the overall development trend, 3.7v 3000mah 18650 battery will definitely develop towards long life and low cost based on high specific energy and high safety. The United States has proposed the "Battery 500" project, with the goal of achieving 500Wh/kg by 2025. Overall, the cost is also decreasing year by year. This chart is from the International Energy Agency. They analyzed the entire development trend from 2008 to 2020. From this level, the overall cost is decreasing year by year, which further verifies that the cost is decreasing, and the energy density is also increasing year by year, especially looking at the dot chart. Of course, there are also a few listed here, Tesla's battery cost target, and the cost target energy density of general batteries. In other words, high specific energy, high safety, long life, and low cost are the development trends of the entire battery.

We are always improving safety, and we are talking about it everywhere. We think that high safety is actually contradictory to safety and energy density. It is difficult to achieve both high safety and high energy density. Just like installing 1Wh, this is a simple conversion relationship. After the conversion, as long as there is energy, it is definitely unsafe. The more energy is installed, the more unsafe it is. This is certain. Of course, there are many things involved here. In the industry, for example, the work of lithium iron phosphate batteries is like the combustion of coal balls, and there will not be too many problems. However, from the research results of the China Automotive Technology Research Center, the speed of ternary batteries is very fast, burning as fast as gasoline. There will be some test data of our own later.

Let's also look at a safety issue like this, which has been popular in recent times. Of course, it is not necessarily appropriate. Let's take Samsung mobile phones as an example. The energy density is very high, or it is moving towards safety. Since there will be safety accidents, if we talk about fire, the core point may be that it is combustible and reaches the ignition point, including the presence of combustion aids. We just talked about the safety of ternary batteries. We will talk more about it, whether we are talking about the test results or the analysis itself, because from the structural point of view, it does not need external oxygen to burn, but lithium iron phosphate will not, and it cannot be solved from the safety itself.

In the front, we have a simple judgment on safety and the entire industry, and then we will talk about the impact of safety on Guoxuan. Guoxuan, first of all, we focus on new energy vehicle 3.7v 3000mah 18650 battery. We established Guoxuan High-tech in 2006 and successfully listed on the A-share market in 2016. It took us 10 years to gradually move from an ordinary local enterprise to a regional or international enterprise. In the middle of the years, in 2008 and 2009, when the domestic "10 cities, 1,000 vehicles" just started, in 2010, we first launched 585 new energy pure electric cars and more than 100 buses to Hefei. This is actually the earliest company in China and the world to commercialize new energy vehicles. Before this point in time, no company or related global organization had promoted new energy vehicles on a large scale. At the same time, in the entire industry, because of our judgment on the industry in recent years, we have been relatively slow in releasing from the industry, because we started early. Before 2014, in terms of sales or output, we have always been ahead of the country.

At the same time, in the "13th Five-Year Plan" high-energy battery project, Guoxuan High-tech is also one of the first companies to undertake the national new energy vehicle key pilot project. At present, Guoxuan, CATL, and Lishen have undertaken the 300Wh/kg project of the Ministry of Science and Technology. Our goal is also to achieve high energy density, high safety, long life, and low cost.

In addition to making batteries and PACKs, Guoxuan starts with materials abroad, and we currently do more work on materials. From the perspective of the system, we will gradually shift from one-way safety to system safety. At the same time, we talk about active, passive or inherent safety and design safety to jointly promote safe development. From the perspective of the entire route, we are paralleling iron, aluminum and ternary. Many people ask Guoxuan why ternary is so slow. We have been preparing for ternary for many years, but we have been judging according to market conditions and thinking when to push it to the market. At present, iron and aluminum are also moving upward from the current 130 and 140. The space for iron and aluminum is very large, and there is still room for it to be explored. At the same time, for some of its inherent characteristics, ternary batteries can be promoted in passenger cars and high-end markets because of their higher energy density, and their energy density is also increasing year by year. Our battery models are relatively simple at present, with three square models and one cylindrical model.

The following is some of the exploration work we have done on specific safety. In terms of specific safety, we start with materials. In fact, we pay more attention to the safety of the materials themselves, then to the matching of materials, the design and manufacturing of battery cells, and then to the entire service and the entire monitoring system. This is a relatively complete system, and this is also how to ensure that our products are safe in the market.

In terms of the materials themselves, we currently use the NCA equipment to compare materials based on our market. The safety itself must be safe. If the side reactions between the materials and electrolytes are relatively high, and the structure itself is unstable, it is difficult for you to make it safe. For this, we are gradually strengthening the industrialization of high-energy ternary, and at the same time, we will improve and upgrade these materials.

The second part is material matching. Why is material matching placed on this page? At present, from the perspective of the industry, under the premise that the electrolyte is not mature, we use ordinary electrolytes, and try to match materials with cylindrical, soft-pack, and square. We use such a high-nickel 5V lithium nickel manganese oxide for matching. The life can be said to be 1C, and the energy retention rate can be achieved at 95% for 2000 times. From these data, we are gradually exploring how to match materials and electrolytes, including positive and negative electrodes, and these works are currently in progress. Of course, I think more about the matching of materials here, and how to improve the life and related safety of our batteries from this perspective.

The third part is design. We have also done a lot of design, which is testing to ensure safety from the inside. Later, we optimized the design. In the early stage, we might have made a fuss about what the positive and negative electrodes were. Now we are more speaking from data. At the same time, for manufacturing, we are gradually optimizing it in the later stage. From the automation equipment, including the entire system, what can be made is qualified. Of course, it is actually difficult to make it qualified, and we hope to move in this direction.

The fourth part is the system. In fact, we are also exploring it at present, and we are pushing forward further. For MES, I think the entire monitoring must be relatively complete so that there will be no problems in this area.

Safety protection, fire prevention or explosion prevention, I think everyone in the industry uses this. We also put a picture here, a 30 ampere-hour battery cell is placed in the box. In the following time, there is actually only one battery cell in the box. The battery from the lower left corner is placed in this, and it explodes. The fire is very big. But we thought about it and used our fire extinguishing system to put out the fire immediately in 3 seconds. At the same time, there was only a little smoke and no open flames in the next 3 seconds. So when the box was opened after 10 minutes, it was blown up, but our fire extinguishing system was safe.

In terms of remote monitoring, we are also gradually working on our remote monitoring system. Because the China Automotive Technology and Research Center just mentioned that the cascade utilization must know the operation status of the entire battery cell. We are more concerned about the operation rules and data of the battery cell, and at the same time, early warning for safety. This kind of data can actually be used more in our future cascade utilization as a system data, which can figure out how the battery cell is used in its life cycle, and it is also an important data for future cascade utilization.

This also quotes a data. Why put the quoted figure here? This figure is not only for foreign countries, but also for safety. I put it in Hengxin. Other data, whether it is cost data or energy density improvement or related changes, I have a point, which is more about safety. That is to say, from the perspective of industry development, no matter how I change, no matter how I move, no matter how the energy density is improved, it is safe and reliable. This is the basis for ensuring everything or a relatively harmonious development.

Finally, I would like to mention that from Guoxuan’s perspective, we are also actively building an industry ecosystem. From the R&D level and the entire industry, it is also gradually developing, and it is more forward-moving in a cooperative or cooperative mode. At present, in terms of colleges and universities, more hope is to do engineering R&D, including sharing R&D results. In the industry, we hope to promote the common development of the industry through industrial cooperation and capital cooperation. We also look forward to or welcome interested experts or teachers in the industry to join or support the development of Guoxuan Industry, so that we can make progress and develop together with the industry.

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