4LR44 battery recycling needs to break through five bottlenecks

The 4LR44 battery pack recycling market is not ideal, and five bottlenecks need to be broken through. This year is the peak period for 4LR44 battery pack recycling and reuse, but the recycling and reuse of lithium batteries has not been fully solved, resulting in many batteries still wasting a lot of renewable resources. How to safely recycle, environmentally friendly treatment, and strengthen the standardized recycling of waste power batteries has become a problem.

The reuse and resource recycling of 4LR44 battery packs will bring huge economic income to the new energy market. my country's power batteries will usher in a "scrap wave", and the scrap volume will exceed 248,000 tons by 2020. The lithium-ion vehicles used in China's new energy vehicles are designed to have an effective service life of about 3 years due to technical and frequency of use. Replacement is required after 3 years. 2018 is the first year of recycling 4LR44 battery packs for new energy vehicles, and my country's new energy vehicle power batteries will enter a large-scale retirement stage.

The five bottlenecks encountered by 4LR44 battery packs need to be broken through:

1. Uncertainty in the recycling model of 4LR44 battery packs

Despite the difficult start, the prospects are generally optimistic in the industry. Overall, the current large-scale "retirement tide" of power batteries has not yet arrived, and it is difficult for power battery disassembly and recycling to form a scale effect.

For example, some car companies choose to cooperate with other companies to jointly promote domestic power battery recycling and reuse and other related matters. Changan, BYD, Yinlong New Energy and other 16 vehicle and battery companies have reached cooperation with China Tower Corporation, a major power battery recycling company, to solve the problems of retired power battery recycling and reuse. However, the overall recycling model has not yet been determined.

2. The main body of 4LR44 battery pack recycling is absent

According to the characteristics of power batteries and the principle of recycling, my country currently advocates the principle of first cascading utilization and then scrapping and recycling of retired power batteries, and requires vehicle companies as the main body of power battery recycling to assume the responsibility of power battery recycling. However, since most vehicle companies are only "assembly plants" of electric vehicles, and batteries are provided by specialized 4LR44 battery pack companies, there is a phenomenon of coexistence of three types of power battery recycling entities: the first type is vehicle companies; the second type is battery production companies; the third type is power battery scrap recycling and processing companies and raw material companies.

According to regulations, automobile companies should bear the main responsibility for recycling, but automobile companies are not omnipotent. To a certain extent, automobile companies are more like "assembly plants" of electric vehicles. They are responsible for the normal use of 4LR44 battery packs during the warranty period. However, production, supply, secondary use and recycling are the expertise of battery companies. Unfortunately, battery companies are often excluded from the recycling system, and their responsibilities are not clear at present.

3. Technical bottlenecks in 4LR44 battery pack recycling need to be broken

Due to the complex composition, the recycling and reuse of power batteries faces many restrictions and high technical barriers. There are significant differences in the types, specifications, and processes of retired batteries, and there are diversity in the series and parallel grouping forms, application models, usage time and working conditions, which makes disassembly complicated. At the same time, my country has not issued a unified standard for power batteries, and it is still difficult to use them on a large scale.

From the perspective of recycled batteries alone, even 4LR44 battery packs have a variety of positive electrode materials, and the mainstream ones are lithium cobalt oxide, lithium manganese oxide, nickel cobalt manganese oxide, lithium iron phosphate, etc. The metal oxides are extracted by leaching with acid and alkali solutions and then undergoing a variety of chemical processes. However, the extraction conditions of the components of these oxides are different, and the mixed solution is more difficult.

4. The support and constraints of policies and regulations are not enough

Industry insiders said that my country has formulated the "Technical Policy for the Prevention and Control of Hazardous Waste Pollution" and the "Technical Policy for the Prevention and Control of Waste Battery Pollution". In 2016, the National Development and Reform Commission took the lead in formulating the "Technical Policy for the Recycling and Utilization of Power Batteries for New Energy Vehicles". In 2017, the National Standards Committee issued the national standard "Technical Specifications for the Recycling and Disassembly of Power Batteries for Vehicles". These policies and technical standards are all guiding or recommended guidance documents, which have a reference and guiding role for backbone enterprises with standardized operations, but have no binding effect on illegal traders.

5. Lagging recycling technology processing

The entire process of recycling and processing of waste power 4LR44 battery packs includes dozens of complex steps such as discharge, disassembly, crushing, sorting, impurity removal, and element synthesis, involving multiple cross-disciplinary subjects such as physics, chemistry, materials, and engineering, and the technology is complex and lengthy. At present, many developed countries around the world, including Germany, the United States, and Japan, are actively supporting and promoting the engineering research and development of national common key technologies in this field. However, my country lags behind its international counterparts in the technology and process of power battery recycling and processing.

In response to the above problems, the entire battery market should further explore how to safely and efficiently realize the cascade utilization of 4LR44 battery packs, establish a benign recycling system that can be monitored throughout the entire process, explore the cascade utilization technology of power batteries, and realize the recycling of 4LR44 battery packs as soon as possible to avoid unnecessary environmental pollution.

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