Research and development of ternary materials for power button battery 2032 and reaction characteristics

Low-heat solid-phase reaction refers to the chemical reaction between solid-phase compounds at room temperature or near room temperature (≤100℃). A relatively systematic study of low-heat solid-phase reaction has been conducted, and the four stages of low-heat solid-phase reaction have been explored, namely diffusion-reaction-nucleation-growth, and each step may be the determining step of the reaction rate. Unlike liquid-phase reaction, the occurrence of solid-phase reaction starts with the diffusion contact of two reactant molecules, followed by chemical reactions such as bond breaking and recombination to generate new compound molecules. When the product molecules aggregate to form particles of a certain size, the crystal nucleus of the product will appear, completing the nucleation process. As the crystal nucleus grows, an independent crystal phase of the product will appear. Unlike high-temperature solid-phase reaction, the low-heat solid-phase reaction temperature is low, and each stage may become a rate-controlling step. If the chemical reaction stage is the rate-controlling step, then transitional substances will appear during the reaction. For solid-phase coordination chemical reactions, since the complex is relatively easy to decompose, the solid components are usually easy to move near the solid phase transition temperature (including the decomposition temperature of the solid), so the reaction is easy to proceed. The coordination method is used to synthesize ternary materials to reduce the reaction activation energy and synthesis temperature. In order to study this reaction process, the precursor of Li(Nil/3Col/3Mr11/3)02 synthesized by low-heat solid-phase reaction was tested by infrared spectroscopy, and the reaction kinetics of the synthesis heating process was also preliminarily studied. The study shows that using oxalic acid as a coordination acid is different from the infrared test results of mixed toughness. Through the bridging effect of organic ligands, lithium and transition metals are mixed at the molecular level in the precursor, which reduces the synthesis temperature. Li(Nil/3Col/3Mnl/3)02 synthesized at 700℃ has excellent electrochemical properties. The initial specific capacity at a discharge rate of 0.5C.3C is 166.7mA.h.F. 146.6mA ".g-1. The battery has good cycle performance. The infrared spectrum test of the precursor of oxalic acid as the complex was carried out, and the reaction formula was verified as follows: LiHC204 + 1/3Ni (Ac) 2.2H20 + 1/3Mn (Ac) 2'2H20 + 1/3Co (Ac) 2'2 (CH3COO) Coi / 3Nn / 3Mn1 / 3 (C204Li) + 2H20 + HAc specific capacity / (mA.h.g-1) The NCA finished product calcined in oxygen atmosphere is charged and discharged by a, b, and c respectively without doping and Mg doping, and the constraint energy barrier, so that the thermal motion energy of the particle at room temperature can also overcome this constraint energy barrier. For compounds containing crystalline water, when heated, the crystalline water is generally removed first, and then melted. That is to say, the crystal water molecules in the compound are usually more likely to overcome the constraints of the surrounding particles and be released. The released water molecules form trace solvents, which can further react with the compound molecules to form a critical state between the solution state and the molten state. Through external force, the crystal water contained in the compound is released at a temperature below the dehydration temperature to form a trace solvent. Although the trace solvent cannot completely solvate the reactants, it can form a molten film on the surface of the reactants, thereby promoting the chemical reaction. The charge and discharge curve of the B-doped sample, the finished product obtained by calcining the precursor at 700°C in an oxygen atmosphere, has a charge and discharge current of 35mA. g-1, a charge and discharge voltage range of 2.7~4.2V, and a specific capacity of 170mA. Rheological phase reaction method Rheological phase system refers to a state of existence of substances with rheological properties. Rheological substances have complex structures or compositions in chemistry, and show both solid and liquid properties in mechanics; in physical composition, they may be complex systems that contain both solid particles and liquid substances, can flow slowly, and are uniform in the macroscopic sense. In other words, the rheological phase system is a paste-like or viscous solid-liquid mixed system in which solid and liquid are evenly distributed and not stratified. Rheological phase reaction refers to a chemical reaction in which a rheological phase participates in the reaction system. For example, the reactants are mixed evenly by an appropriate method, and an appropriate amount of water or solvent is added to prepare a rheological phase system in which solid particles and liquid substances are evenly distributed and not stratified, and then react under appropriate conditions to obtain the desired product. If in If solid-liquid stratification occurs during the reaction, the reaction will be incomplete or a single-composition compound cannot be obtained. When using the rheological phase reaction method, the design of the reaction is very important, such as what kind of reactants to use, the ratio of reactants, the selection and dosage of solvents, and whether the reaction by-products are easy to separate, etc., all need to be fully analyzed and calculated in advance. The advantages of using rheological phase reaction are: in the rheological phase system, the solid particles are evenly distributed in the fluid and in close contact, their surface can be effectively utilized, and the reaction is relatively sufficient; the fluid has good heat exchange and stable heat transfer; many substances will show superconcentration phenomena and new reaction characteristics, and even some new structures and special functional compounds can be obtained through self-assembly; nanomaterials, amorphous materials and large single crystals can be obtained. Lithium nickel cobalt manganese composite oxide LiNil/3Co was synthesized for the first time using the rheological phase reaction method. The effects of Li/(Ni+Co+Mn) ratio, calcination temperature and calcination time on its electrochemical properties were investigated. On this basis, LiNil/3Col/3Mnl/302 samples were successfully synthesized. X-ray test results showed that the pre-calcined precursor had a similar structure to LiNil/3Col/3Mnl/302. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that its particle size was less than 1mm. The charge and discharge results showed that when the current density was 0.20mA. cm-2, in the range of 3.0 to 4.4V, its first discharge specific capacity reached.

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