The United States has developed anode materials for 16340 battery

　　Researchers at the University of Akron in the United States have developed Mn3O4/C hierarchical porous nanospheres and used them as anode materials for lithium-ion batteries. This type of nanosphere has a high reversible specific capacity (battery capacity is 1237mAh/g when the current is 200mA/g), excellent stability (battery capacity is 425mAh/g when the current is 4A/g) and extremely long cycle life (current is 4A/g, after 3000 cycles, there is no obvious capacity decay).

　　In theory, transition metal oxides have high capacity and low cost, and are a very promising candidate for anode materials. Among this type of material, Mn3O4 has abundant reserves, is not easy to oxidize, and is competitive in electrochemistry. As a battery anode material, it has good prospects and is also widely used in various battery material research.

　　However, transition metal oxides can become anode materials for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), and there are still several problems: First, the inherent poor conductivity of metal oxides limits the electron transport of the entire electrode, resulting in low utilization of active materials and low valuation. Secondly, the large volume shrinkage of metal oxides during lithiation and delithiation can lead to electrode pulverization, thus accelerating capacity decay during cycling. It is well known that nanoengineering and carbon hybridization are effective methods to overcome and limit such problems.

　　The research team synthesized a self-assembled manganese-based metal composite (Mn-MOC) with a spherical structure using a solvothermal reaction. Then, the researchers transformed the Mn-MOC precursor material into hierarchically porous Mn3O4/C nanospheres by thermal annealing.

　　The researchers attributed the lithium storage capacity to the unique porous hierarchical structure of the nanospheres. The nanospheres are composed of Mn3O4 nanocrystals covered with a uniformly distributed thin carbon shell. This nanostructure has a large reaction area, enhanced conductivity, and is easy to generate a stable solid electrolyte interface (SEI) formation and can adapt to the volume change of the conversion reaction type electrode.

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