What is the technical roadmap in the field of electric logistics vehicles and how competitive is the 3.7 volt 18650 lithium battery?

　　After three years of rapid development and adjustment in the new energy vehicle market, the competitiveness of power batteries based on several technical routes has basically been determined - the passenger car market is dominated by three yuan, the passenger car market is dominated by iron-lithium, and only special-purpose vehicles , especially in the logistics vehicle market, there is no conclusion yet on which of the three power batteries, ternary, lithium iron, and lithium manganate, is better. The author will make a detailed analysis below.

　　In the field of passenger cars, cruising range is the most important thing, followed by cost. Therefore, ternary batteries with the highest energy density have the most advantages, while iron-lithium batteries cannot meet the needs of passenger cars in terms of cruising range and space due to their large size and mass. requirements, are gradually withdrawing from the passenger car market; in the field of passenger cars, safety is extremely important, and the volume and weight are not as stringent as passenger cars. Therefore, even after the ban is lifted, ternary batteries due to their own instability It has not been popularized yet, but lithium-iron batteries have the best safety and best cycle performance, and can easily meet the charge and discharge requirements of buses for 8 years and 3,000 times. Therefore, the lithium-iron battery dominates the bus field.

　　In the field of logistics vehicles, cost is the first consideration, and cost includes both the initial purchase price and life cycle issues. At present, ternary, lithium iron, and lithium manganate battery packs are basically at the level of 1.4 yuan/wh, with little difference; however, logistics vehicles generally need to travel 8 years and 250,000 kilometers in their life cycle, which is much higher than that of passenger cars. The lithium-iron battery can basically guarantee that one battery will be used for the whole journey, while the ternary and lithium manganate batteries generally need to be replaced once, which costs more than 50,000 (taking a van transport truck with a power distribution of 40kwh as an example). Moreover, lithium iron batteries do not contain rare and precious metals. As the price of lithium carbonate continues to fall in the future, lithium iron batteries will still have room for price reduction, so lithium iron batteries have more advantages in terms of cost. On the other hand, logistics vehicles also have high requirements for battery durability. The voltage platform of iron lithium is around 3.0V-3.5V, which is very flat, while the voltage platform of ternary materials is 3.0V-4.2V, which is very steep. , a large voltage jump during emergency braking can easily cause alarms and malfunctions. The steepness of the voltage platform of lithium manganate is between the two, so iron lithium still dominates in terms of durability.

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