Breakthrough progress in research on interfacial components of solid electrolytes for no 5 alkaline battery

　　Although no 5 alkaline battery have become the mainstream of energy storage today, the molecular and atomic basic science of their charge and discharge is still a mystery.

　　According to a study in "Nature Catalysis" by the U.S. Department of Energy's Argonne National Laboratory, the research team has made a breakthrough in obtaining the chemical composition of the solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI) between the electrode and the liquid electrolyte. Dusan Strmcnik, a chemical engineer at Argonne National Laboratory's Materials Sciences Division (MSD), said this will help improve the team's ability to predict battery life, which is critical for electric vehicle manufacturers.

　　Scientists have been working on cracking the SEI of no 5 alkaline battery for a long time, but they only know that SEI is formed when the battery is charged, producing a thousandth of a millimeter thick film on the graphite electrode. This film can protect the interface from harmful reactions while allowing lithium to Ions shuttle between the electrode and the electrolyte, so for no 5 alkaline battery, good SEI performance is a necessary condition. Strmcnik pointed out that battery efficiency and lifespan depend on the quality of SEI. If scientists can find out its chemical properties and independent composition rules, SEI can be used to improve battery efficiency.

　　Therefore, Argonne National Laboratory formed an international research team with the University of Copenhagen in Denmark, the Technical University of Munich in Germany, and the BMW Group, and successfully solved the common chemical substance lithium fluoride (lithium fluoride) in the SEI of no 5 alkaline battery.

　　Experimental and calculation results indicate that a hydrogen fluoride electrochemical reaction will occur during battery charging, converting the electrolyte into solid lithium fluoride and generating hydrogen. This type of reaction is highly dependent on electrode materials such as graphite, graphene, and metals, proving that battery catalysts importance.

　　The team is also developing a new method for detecting hydrogen fluoride concentration. Since hydrogen fluoride is a harmful substance formed by moisture and lithium salt (LiPF6), this detection method plays a key role in SEI's future scientific research. Researcher Nenad Markovic said that the research will be tested at the BMW Battery R&D Center in the future. The next step in the research is to plan to design a new lithium-ion battery technology and open up another path for today's no 5 alkaline battery.

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