Which battery has better low-temperature performance?

　　The editor believes that technology is not good or bad, it is just suitable for different products or environments. When it comes to batteries alone, there is no such thing as who is better and who is worse. Then let us briefly understand the low-temperature comparison of mainstream batteries.

　　Ternary lithium battery

　　Ternary lithium battery is a new energy battery developed in recent years. It is mainly used as a power battery, that is, the energy source of electric vehicles. Its performance in all aspects is not yet easy to evaluate. But if you want to use this lithium battery as a starting battery, it is still There is a certain risk, because its stability and high temperature resistance are not as good as traditional lead-acid batteries. The lower limit of low-temperature use of ternary lithium batteries is -30°C, and they have good low-temperature discharge performance. Under the same low-temperature conditions as lithium iron phosphate batteries, the mileage decreases by less than 15% in winter, which is significantly higher than that of lithium iron phosphate batteries.

　　Lithium iron phosphate battery

　　Many experiments have been done, and the low-temperature performance of lithium batteries of different materials is also different. The most popular lithium iron phosphate now has the worst low-temperature performance, with a lower temperature limit of -20°C, and the discharge performance is poor in low-temperature environments. At 0°C The capacity retention rate is about 60~70%, 40~55% at -10℃, and 20~40% at -20℃.

　　Relatively speaking, the low-temperature performance of lithium manganate, lithium cobalt oxide and ternary products is better, but it is also limited; at the expense of high-temperature performance. Nowadays, blown lithium iron phosphate in the industry has high safety performance and good high-temperature performance. In fact, the battery activity is not as high as the above three, so it is relatively safer. The overall performance is still not as good as manganese lithium or ternary. Improving the low-temperature performance of lithium iron phosphate batteries can only increase the ambient temperature or add a heating module.

　　Lead-acid batteries

　　Lead-acid batteries are the starting batteries used in traditional cars. Their safety, stability, high/low temperature resistance, etc. are all accumulated over hundreds of years of technology. Coiled lead-acid batteries are the most common and widely used low-temperature batteries, and their normal operating temperature can reach minus 60 degrees Celsius. There are also low-temperature lithium batteries that can meet minus 40-50 degrees Celsius, but the capacity must be reduced.

　　Now in the field of vehicle starting batteries, ternary lithium batteries have made such rapid progress and have relatively high energy density, but the possibility of batteries being replaced by ternary lithium batteries is very small.

　　Reason 1: Compared with the power battery of electric vehicles, the impact of on-board batteries on the weight of the vehicle is not obvious;

　　Reason two: If the lead-acid battery is switched to a ternary lithium battery, the corresponding supporting electrical system will also change accordingly. Not only will the cost of the battery increase, but so will the cost of the electrical system.

　　Reason three: Compared with lithium batteries, cold weather has less impact on lead-acid batteries. In addition, the technology of lead-acid batteries is relatively mature, has relatively high safety performance among various chemical batteries, and is not flammable.

　　Kind tips:

　　It is best not to charge lithium batteries in winter. Due to the low temperature, the lithium ions nested on the negative electrode will produce ion crystals and directly pierce the separator. Generally, it will cause a micro short circuit, which will affect the life and performance, and in serious cases, it will cause an explosion. Therefore, some people report that lithium batteries cannot be charged in winter. Some of those with battery management systems are unable to charge due to product protection or quality issues. It is said that such situations have also occurred with ATL's products.

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