Design scheme of switching power supply intelligent management system for Ni-MH battery pack

　　Ni-MH battery pack have the characteristics of small size, large specific energy, long life, and good discharge performance. In just a few years, it has been widely used in laptops, mobile phones, portable DVDs, VCDs and other devices, and with the development of production technology, there is a trend of further optimization. Ni-MH battery pack have so many advantages and their manufacturing costs are relatively low, so they are the most promising portable batteries in the future.

　　For portable batteries, people hope to obtain large-capacity power while minimizing the weight of the system and increasing the efficiency and life of the battery. In addition, since the heat dissipation conditions of portable devices are generally poor, higher requirements are also placed on the efficiency of the entire power supply system.

　　The biggest feature of switching power supply is high efficiency. The use of switching power supplies can effectively reduce the power loss of large-capacity battery charging systems, thereby greatly reducing the heat generation of the entire system. This article analyzes and designs a lithium-ion/lithium-polymer intelligent management system based on switch-mode power supply in detail.

　　The structure of intelligent management system

　　In this article, the most widely used constant current and constant voltage charging method is used. A switch-mode power supply is used to provide the voltage and current required for battery charging, and a microcontroller and a series of peripheral circuits are used to control charge and discharge and control the battery. protection function.

　　Using the combination of microcontroller and switching power supply, an intelligent lithium-ion/lithium polymer battery intelligent management system can be constructed: the main power loop of the switching power supply is responsible for converting electrical energy into the form required for battery charging. At the same time, it should try to improve efficiency and reduce battery charging. Small voltage and current ripple; the microcontroller is responsible for controlling the operation of the entire system, including the setting of the charger's reference voltage and current value, the shutdown of the charger when charging is completed or in the protection state, and intelligent control based on various parameters such as battery voltage, charging current, and temperature. Monitor battery charging status and implement a series of battery protection functions.

　　The entire intelligent management system is divided into two parts: charger and battery pack. The charger mainly includes the main power circuit and a part of the power control circuit; while the battery pack part includes the battery, detection circuit and microcontroller control circuit. The two parts are connected to each other through the interface, and energy is transmitted from the charger to the battery pack. One part of the control signal controls the opening and closing of the charge and discharge circuit of the battery pack, and the other part is sent from the battery pack to the charger to control the start-up of the charger. Turn off and output constant voltage and constant current values.

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