In the process of realizing the conversion of energy, the chemical power supply must have two necessary conditions:

　　The REDOX process on the two electrodes that make up the chemical power supply must be carried out in two separate regions, which is different from the general REDOX reaction.

　　The electrons required for the REDOX reaction of the active substance with two electrodes must be transferred by the external circuit, which is different from the microbattery reaction of the metal corrosion process.

　　In order to meet the above conditions, any chemical power supply consists of the following four parts:

　　1, the core part of the electrode battery, it is composed of active substances and conductive skeleton. The active substance is the substance that participates in the flow reaction in the positive and negative electrodes, is the source of electric energy generated by the chemical power supply, and is an important part that determines the basic characteristics of the chemical power supply. The requirements for active substances are:

　　1) The electromotive force of the battery is high;

　　2) High electrochemical activity, that is, strong ability to spontaneously react;

　　3) Large weight specific capacity and volume specific capacity;

　　4) High chemical stability in the electrolyte;

　　5) With high electronic conductivity;

　　6) Rich resources, cheap prices.

　　2, one of the main components of the electrolyte battery, the battery is responsible for the transfer of charge between the positive and negative electrodes, so the potential of some substances with high ionic conductivity. Requirements for electrolytes are:

　　1) Strong stability, because the electrolyte is stored in the battery for a long time, it must have stable chemical properties, so that the electrochemical reaction rate of the interface between the electrolyte and the active substance during storage is small, so that the self-discharge capacity loss of the battery is reduced;

　　2) Higher than the conductivity, the ohmic pressure drop of the solution is small, so that the discharge characteristics of the battery can be improved. For a solid electrolyte, it is required to have only ionic conductivity, but not electronic conductivity.

　　3, diaphragm is also called isolation. Placed between the two poles of the battery. The shape of the diaphragm is thin film, plate, bar, etc. Its role is to prevent direct contact of positive and negative active substances, resulting in internal short circuit of the battery. The requirements for the diaphragm are:

　　1) It has good chemical stability and certain mechanical strength in the electrolyte, and can withstand the REDOX effect of the active substance of the electrode;

　　2) The ability of ions to pass through the diaphragm is large, that is, the resistance of the diaphragm to the movement of electrolyte ions is small. In this way, the internal resistance of the battery is reduced correspondingly, and the energy loss of the battery is reduced when the high current discharge is carried out.

　　3) Should be a good insulator of electrons, and can prevent the growth of active matter particles and dendrites from falling off the electrode;

　　4) The material source is abundant and the price is low. Commonly used diaphragm materials are cotton paper, microporous rubber, microporous plastic, glass fiber, hydrated cellulose, graft film, nylon, asbestos and so on. According to the requirements of different series of chemical power supplies

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