The development history of power electronics technology and switching 18650 lithium ion battery 3.7v

　　1. Development of power electronics technology

　　The development direction of modern power electronics technology is changing from traditional power electronics, which mainly solves problems with low-frequency technology, to modern power electronics, which mainly solves problems with high-frequency technology. Power electronics technology began with silicon rectifier devices in the late 1950s and early 1960s. Its development has experienced the rectifier era, the inverter era and the frequency converter era, and has promoted the application of power electronics technology in many new fields. Power semiconductor composite devices, represented by power MOSFETs and IGBTs, developed in the late 1980s and early 1990s, integrating high frequency, high voltage and high current, indicate that traditional power electronics technology has entered the modern power electronics era.

　　1.1 Rectifier Era

　　High-power industrial electricity is provided by industrial frequency (50Hz) alternators, but about 20% of the electricity is consumed in the form of DC, the most typical of which are electrolysis (non-ferrous metals and chemical raw materials require DC electrolysis), traction (electrical Locomotives, electric transmission diesel locomotives, subway locomotives, urban trolleybuses, etc.) and DC transmission (steel rolling, papermaking, etc.). High-power silicon rectifiers can convert power-frequency alternating current into direct current with high efficiency. Therefore, in the 1960s and 1970s, the development and application of high-power silicon rectifiers and thyristors developed greatly. At that time, there was a craze in the country for setting up silicon rectifier factories in various places. The current large and small semiconductor manufacturers that manufacture silicon rectifiers across the country are products of that time.

　　1.2 Inverter era

　　In the 1970s, there was a worldwide energy crisis, and AC motor frequency conversion systems developed rapidly due to their remarkable energy-saving effects. The key technology of variable frequency speed regulation is to invert direct current into alternating current of 0~100Hz. From the 1970s to the 1980s, with the popularity of variable frequency speed control devices, thyristors, giant power transistors (GTR) and gate-turn-off thyristors (GT0) for high-power inverters became the protagonists of power electronic devices at that time. Similar applications include high-voltage DC output, static reactive power dynamic compensation, etc. At this time, power electronics technology was able to achieve rectification and inversion, but the operating frequency was low and limited to the medium and low frequency range.

　　1.3 Frequency converter era

　　In the 1980s, the rapid development of large-scale and very large-scale integrated circuit technology laid the foundation for the development of modern power electronics technology. The organic combination of fine processing technology of integrated circuit technology and high-voltage and high-current technology has led to the emergence of a new batch of fully controlled power devices. First, the advent of power MOSFETs, which led to the development of small and medium-power power supplies towards high frequencies, and then insulated gate electrodes. The emergence of bipolar transistors (IGBT) has brought opportunities for the development of large and medium-sized power supplies to high frequencies. The successive advent of MOSFET and IGBT is a symbol of the transformation from traditional power electronics to modern power electronics. According to statistics, by the end of 1995, power MOSFETs and GTRs had reached an equal level in the power semiconductor device market, and the use of IGBTs to replace GTRs in the field of power electronics has become a certainty. The development of new devices not only provides a higher frequency for AC motor frequency conversion and speed regulation, making its performance more complete and reliable, but also enables modern electronic technology to continue to develop towards high frequency, achieving high efficiency, material and energy saving for electrical equipment, and realizing small and lightweight devices. Quantification, mechatronics and intelligence provide important technical foundations.

　　2. Application fields of modern power electronics

　　2.1 High-efficiency green 18650 lithium ion battery 3.7v for computers

　　The rapid development of computer technology has led mankind into the information society, and also promoted the rapid development of 18650 lithium ion battery 3.7v technology. In the 1980s, computers fully adopted switching power supplies, taking the lead in completing the replacement of computer power supplies. Then switching 18650 lithium ion battery 3.7v technology successively entered the field of electronic and electrical equipment.

　　The development of computer technology proposes green computers and green power supplies. Green computers generally refer to environmentally friendly personal computers and related products. Green power supplies refer to efficient power-saving power supplies related to green computers. According to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Energy Star program regulations on June 17, 1992, desktop If a personal computer or related peripheral equipment consumes less than 30 watts of power in sleep mode, it meets the requirements of a green computer. Improving power efficiency is the fundamental way to reduce power consumption. The current efficiency of a 200-watt switching 18650 lithium ion battery 3.7v is 75% For example, the 18650 lithium ion battery 3.7v itself consumes 50 watts of energy.

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