18650 lithium-ion battery technology could give electric cars 320 km of range in 10 minutes

　　A technological breakthrough could solve a key problem for electric vehicles: charging time, U.S. scientists say. This technology may add 320km of driving range to the car in just 10 minutes, and such a fast charging speed requires the battery to quickly absorb 400kw of energy.

　　The battery technology was published in the journal Joule by researchers at Penn State University. Judging from current electric vehicles, it is generally impossible to achieve 10-minute fast charging because the battery has the risk of forming metallic lithium around the anode, which will seriously reduce the battery life. It is understood that charging of some Tesla cars currently takes about 30 minutes.

　　"Fast charging is one of the holy grails of electric vehicles," said one of the academics involved in the study. "It is one of the necessary conditions for electrification to compete with fossil fuel internal combustion engines."

　　To overcome the charging barrier, the researchers raised the temperature of the battery to 60°C during charging and then lowered the temperature when the battery was in use. The purpose of this is to "limit the battery's exposure to elevated charging temperatures, resulting in a long cycle life."

　　Although the technology has been successfully tested, there are still risks. Battery manufacturers need to ensure that rapidly rising temperatures are safe and stable, and that the huge amount of transmitted energy does not lead to explosions.

　　Improving battery energy density and safety has always been a top goal for scientists. In October this year, M. Stanley Whittingham, one of the inventors of lithium-ion batteries who won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry, stated that his ongoing research is dedicated to making lithium-ion batteries cheaper, safer, and more efficient. energy density. Further improvements in battery technology may facilitate the use of renewable energy sources, thereby strengthening the fight against climate change.

　　Whittingham believes that lithium-ion batteries will continue to dominate smartphones and electric vehicles for at least the next 10 years, because other types of battery technology have not yet made any substantial progress. However, Toyota Motor Corporation and American companies are developing solid-state batteries, and Goodenough, another scientist who won the chemistry prize this year, also said that he is studying solid-state batteries. However, it's unclear whether enough energy can be obtained from such batteries. The battery may be suitable for consumer electronics, but there are still some issues that need to be resolved before it can be used in large-scale systems.

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