Development of li ion 18650 battery pack cathode and cathode material technology, role of lithium ion battery cathode and cathode materials

　　Development of li ion 18650 battery pack cathode and cathode material technology, role of lithium ion battery cathode and cathode materials. Lithium-ion batteries have a series of advantages such as high specific energy, long cycle life, low self-discharge and environmental protection. Relatively speaking, the positive and negative electrode materials of lithium-ion batteries have a greater impact on battery performance, and everyone is more concerned about it. aspect. The following editor will take you to understand the technological development of li ion 18650 battery pack positive and negative electrode materials and the role of lithium ion battery positive and negative electrode materials.

　　1. Technical development of li ion 18650 battery pack cathode materials

　　①Lithium manganate cathode material

　　Lithium manganese oxide is an early researched li ion 18650 battery pack cathode material and one of the most promising power li ion 18650 battery pack cathode materials. Its application is mainly concentrated in the consumer battery market, and it also has certain applications in the power battery field. Looking forward to predicting the future of manganese The proportion of lithium acid oxide in cathode materials will continue to increase.

　　②Lithium iron phosphate cathode material

　　The industrial development of lithium iron phosphate in my country is basically in sync with the international market. At present, the cost of some domestic products is lower than similar foreign products. The gap in performance and unit production capacity is not out of reach. In the future, with the continuous improvement of lithium iron phosphate production technology , its market prospects are still promising by the industry.

　　③Lithium cobalt oxide cathode material

　　Lithium cobalt oxide has been used as the mainstream cathode material since the commercialization of lithium batteries. Since the technical solution of surface modification can only achieve incomplete surface property changes, its feasibility in solving the problem of crystal structure instability of lithium cobalt oxide under high voltage is questionable. Therefore, it is necessary to further improve the charging voltage by increasing the charging voltage. In terms of improving the reversible specific capacity of materials, lithium nickel cobalt manganate has more advantages than lithium cobalt oxide.

　　2. Technical development of li ion 18650 battery pack anode materials

　　①Graphite negative electrode material

　　Graphite has become the current mainstream commercial lithium ion anode material due to its high electronic conductivity, large lithium ion diffusion coefficient, small volume change of layered structure before and after lithium insertion, high lithium insertion capacity and low lithium insertion potential.

　　However, due to the constraints of the structural characteristics of graphite itself, the development of graphite anode materials has also encountered bottlenecks. If the capacity has reached its limit, it cannot meet the sustained high current discharge capability required by large power batteries. Therefore, the industry began to turn its attention to free graphite materials.

　　②Silicon-based negative electrode material

　　Silicon is a semiconductor material with low electrical conductivity. During the electrochemical cycle, the insertion and extraction of lithium ions will cause the material volume to expand and contract by more than 300%. The resulting mechanical force will gradually pulverize the material, causing the structure to collapse, eventually causing the electrode active material and current collector to collapse. Disengagement, loss of electrical contact, resulting in greatly reduced battery cycle performance.

　　Compared with traditional graphite anodes, silicon has an ultra-high theoretical specific capacity and a low delithiation potential, and the voltage platform of silicon is slightly higher than that of graphite. It is difficult to cause surface lithium precipitation during charging and has better safety performance. Silicon has become one of the promising choices for upgrading carbon-based anodes for lithium-ion batteries.

　　③Lithium titanate anode material

　　Compared with carbon anode materials, lithium titanate has a high potential, lithium titanate batteries have ultra-long cycle life, extraordinary safety, excellent power characteristics and good economy. These characteristics will be the achievements that are currently on the rise. An important cornerstone of the large-scale li ion 18650 battery pack energy storage industry.

　　Research on lithium titanate battery technology at home and abroad is surging. Its industrial chain can be divided into lithium titanate material preparation, lithium titanate battery production and the integration of lithium titanate battery system integration systems and its application in the electric vehicle and energy storage markets.

　　The role of positive and negative electrode materials in lithium-ion batteries

　　1. The role of negative electrode materials in lithium-ion batteries

　　The negative active material of lithium-ion batteries is mainly carbon material. Its success lies in replacing the lithium negative electrode with a carbon negative electrode, so that the deposition and dissolution of lithium on the surface of the negative electrode during the charge and discharge process become the insertion and extraction of lithium in the carbon particles. , reducing the possibility of lithium dendrite formation and greatly improving the safety of the battery, but this does not mean that there are no safety issues when using carbon negative electrodes.

　　The physical and chemical structural properties of the negative active material have a decisive influence on the insertion and extraction of lithium ions. When using active materials that are easy to extract and deintercalate, the structure of the active material changes little during charge and discharge cycles, and this small change is reversible, so there are It is beneficial to extend the charge and discharge cycle life.

　　2. The role of cathode materials in lithium-ion batteries

　　Different types of cathode materials determine the general range of battery charge and discharge power. For example, the crystal structure stability of the cathode material, particle size, doping atoms, carbon coating process, material preparation method, etc. The above factors ultimately affect the power density of lithium batteries by affecting the ability of the cathode material to accommodate lithium ions and the smoothness of the deintercalation and insertion channels.

　　Each cathode material has its theoretical energy density. When you choose a cathode material, you select the upper limit of the cell's energy density. The dosage design of the cathode material and the tap density during processing also have an impact on the energy density of the finished battery core.

　　There are many factors that affect the cycle life of the battery core. Related to the cathode material, the main ones are the loss of the active material of the cathode material during recycling, and the attenuation of the cathode's ability to accommodate lithium ions caused by the collapse of the material structure during charging and discharging. Impurity components in the positive electrode material, such as elemental iron and ferric iron, will interact with the electrolyte, causing adverse side reactions, or causing internal micro short circuits.

　　The development of lithium-ion batteries benefits from the development of positive and negative electrode materials. As the application scope of lithium-ion batteries continues to expand and people's performance requirements for lithium-ion batteries become more and more stringent, the requirements for the preparation of positive and negative electrode materials for lithium-ion batteries will be getting higher and higher, which requires people to improve the performance of existing positive and negative electrode materials on the one hand, and to seek alternatives with better safety performance and cycle performance on the other hand.

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