Electric vehicle button battery 2032management system design

　　As energy shortages, oil prices rise, and urban environmental pollution become increasingly serious, the development and utilization of new energy sources that can replace oil are increasingly valued by governments around the world. In the new energy system, the button battery 2032system is an indispensable and important component. In recent years, electric bicycles, hybrid vehicles, electric vehicles, fuel cell vehicles, etc. powered by lithium batteries have received increasing attention from the market. The application of power batteries in the transportation field is of great significance for reducing greenhouse gas emissions, reducing air pollution, and applying new energy. Among them, lithium batteries have attracted more and more attention due to their high energy density, high number of recycles, light weight, and green environmental protection. Therefore, they have been widely used in portable handheld devices such as mobile phones, laptops, and power tools, and have been widely used in portable handheld devices such as mobile phones, laptops, and power tools. It has begun to enter high-power applications such as electric vehicles and electric vehicles, becoming a hot spot in the development of global electric vehicles.

　　However, because lithium batteries may be damaged under abusive conditions such as heating, overcharge/over-discharge, vibration, and extrusion, and may even cause fire or explosion, safety issues have become a major issue in the commercial promotion of power lithium batteries. the main constraints. Safety standards, safety evaluation methods, safety and reliability control of the button battery 2032manufacturing process, and improvement of button battery 2032safety and reliability through the optimization of positive and negative electrode materials, electrolytes and separators are the key to ensuring large-scale power supply for safe, low-cost, long-life lithium-ion batteries. Lithium-ion batteries are safe, reliable and the key to practical use. As the core component of button battery 2032protection and management, the button battery 2032management system must not only ensure the safe and reliable use of the battery, but also give full play to the battery's capabilities and extend its service life. As a bridge between the battery, the vehicle management system, and the driver, the button battery 2032management system plays an increasingly critical role in the performance of electric vehicles.

　　Main functions of the button battery 2032management system

　　The button battery 2032management system is closely integrated with the power button battery 2032of electric vehicles. It continuously detects the voltage, current, and temperature of the battery. It also performs leakage detection, thermal management, button battery 2032balancing management, alarm reminders, calculation of remaining capacity, discharge power, and reports. In SOC & SOH status, the algorithm also uses algorithms to control the maximum output power according to the voltage, current and temperature of the button battery 2032to obtain the maximum mileage, and uses algorithms to control the charger for optimal current charging. Through the CAN bus interface, it communicates with the vehicle master controller, motor controller, Energy control systems, vehicle display systems, etc. conduct real-time communication. Figure 1 is a simple block diagram of the button battery 2032management system.

　　The basic functions of the button battery 2032management system: 1) Monitor the working conditions of individual cells, such as individual cell voltage, operating current, ambient temperature, etc. 2) Protect the button battery 2032to avoid shortened button battery 2032life, damage, or even explosions, fires and other accidents endangering personal safety when the button battery 2032is working under extreme conditions.

　　Generally speaking, the button battery 2032management system must have the following circuit protection functions: over-voltage and under-voltage protection, over-current and short-circuit protection, over-temperature and under-temperature protection, and multiple protection for the button battery 2032to improve the reliability of the protection and management system (hardware The protection of execution has high reliability, the protection of software execution has higher flexibility, and the protection of failure of key components of the management system provides users with the third level of protection). These features meet the needs of most mobile phone battery, power tool and e-bike applications.

　　Electric vehicles pose higher challenges to button battery 2032management systems

　　The electric vehicle button battery 2032integration system is an open power system that communicates through the automotive-grade CAN bus and works in conjunction with the vehicle management system, charger, and motor controller to meet the vehicle's human-centered safe driving concept. Therefore, the automotive-grade button battery 2032management system must meet the requirements of TS16949 and automotive electronics, achieve high-speed data collection and high reliability, automotive-grade CAN bus communication, high anti-electromagnetic interference capabilities (the highest level of EMI/EMC requirements), and online diagnostic functions.

　　Its main functions are: high-speed collection of information such as button battery 2032voltage and temperature; achieving high-efficiency balance of the battery, giving full play to the capacity of the button battery 2032integrated system to increase the life of the button battery 2032integrated system, while reducing heat generation; button battery 2032health and remaining power estimation and display; highly reliable communication protocol (automotive-grade CAN communication network); powertrain technology must ensure that the battery's potential is fully utilized, ensuring button battery 2032performance and improving button battery 2032life under the premise of any safe use of the battery; button battery 2032Temperature and heat dissipation management ensure that the button battery 2032system operates in a relatively stable temperature environment; leakage detection and complex ground wire design.

　　Since the distribution environment of batteries in electric vehicles is very complex and operates under high voltage and high power, the requirements for EMI/EMC are very high, which brings greater challenges to the design of button battery 2032management systems.

　　Hierarchical and modular design of electric vehicle button battery 2032system

　　Since the electric vehicle button battery 2032system is integrated by hundreds or thousands of button battery 2032cells, taking into account the space, weight distribution and safety requirements of the car, these button battery 2032cells are divided into standard button battery 2032modules and distributed in different locations on the car chassis. , unified management by the powertrain and central processing unit; each standard button battery 2032module also has multiple cells connected in parallel and series, managed by the module's electronic control unit, and reports the button battery 2032module information to the central processing unit through the CAN bus After the central processor and powertrain unit process this information, they report the final information about the integrated system, such as remaining power, health status, and button battery 2032capacity-related information, to the vehicle management through the CAN bus. system. The hierarchical and modular design of the electric vehicle button battery 2032system requires the hierarchical and modular design of the button battery 2032management system (Figure 2).

　　O2Micro provides the world's first single-chip protection and detection solution OZ89xx that supports >5 cells in series. This solution also supports multi-chip cascade applications. Currently, button battery 2032management system solutions using this chip have been successfully used in button battery 2032module electronic control units of pure electric vehicles and hybrid vehicles.

　　Table 1 takes standard button battery 2032modules as an example to introduce the comparison between discrete solutions and integrated solutions.

　　It can be seen that integrated chip solutions play a very important role in improving system reliability and reducing costs. It is the core of hardware design technology in button battery 2032integration technology.

　　Summary of this article

　　In the future, power lithium batteries have broad prospects in the field of electric vehicles, and the button battery 2032management system will play a key role in the safe use of batteries and communication with vehicle management. button battery 2032management technology includes hardware design technology and software design technology, among which high-voltage mixed-signal processing technology and chip design are the core of hardware design. They are not only the key to ensuring high-reliability, high-speed, and high-precision signal collection and processing in the automotive environment, but also It is the key to improving test coverage, supporting online detection and reducing costs; the core of the software includes button battery 2032management algorithms, communication protocol support and powertrain related technologies. O2Micro is one of the world's major suppliers of button battery 2032management solutions. With its many years of experience in chip design and solution design in button battery 2032protection and management, it has mastered internationally advanced button battery 2032management technology and is a global button battery 2032manufacturer. , system manufacturers have provided high-quality technical services and contributed to the development of electric vehicles in China.

　　Chip integration technology for button battery 2032management systems

　　The reliability requirements of automobile button battery 2032systems are extremely high, especially the high-voltage monitoring part and the button battery 2032balancing part. Since there are few integrated solutions, many solutions are composed of discrete components, resulting in: poor matching of components and reduced signal acquisition accuracy; The increase in external nodes makes it difficult to achieve automated testing, increases test costs, reduces test coverage, and results in low system reliability; it is difficult to control the power consumption of external components; the system size is large and the cost is high.

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