Top ten functions that a mature button battery cr1620management system should have

　　Comprehensive research on electric vehicles in various countries can reveal a common phenomenon, that is, the button battery cr1620is the component with the most problems in the entire electric vehicle research. In the process of button battery cr1620production, the button battery cr1620must go through the formation testing process, that is, the button battery cr1620needs to be charged and discharged multiple times during the button battery cr1620production process to complete the production of the entire battery.

　　Therefore, the performance of the formation control system directly affects the technical status and service life of lithium batteries, and determines the degree of pollution to the power grid during discharge. In order to meet the actual operating needs of electric vehicles, button battery cr1620management systems have made important efforts in terms of functionality, reliability, practicality, and safety.

　　Introduction to button battery cr1620management system:

　　button battery cr1620Management System (BMS), electric vehicle button battery cr1620management system (BMS) is an important link between vehicle power batteries and electric vehicles. Its main functions include: real-time monitoring of button battery cr1620physical parameters; button battery cr1620status estimation; online diagnosis and early warning; charging , discharge and precharge control; equalization management and thermal management, etc.

　　Applications of button battery cr1620management systems:

　　The main task of the button battery cr1620management system (button battery cr1620Management System, BMS) is to ensure the design performance of the button battery cr1620system:

　　1) Safety, protect button battery cr1620cells or button battery cr1620packs from damage and prevent safety accidents;

　　2) Durability, allowing the button battery cr1620to operate in a reliable and safe area and extending the service life of the battery;

　　3) Dynamic performance, maintaining the button battery cr1620working in a state that meets the requirements of the vehicle.

　　Basic concepts of power batteries:

　　(1)button battery cr1620capacity

　　button battery cr1620capacity is an important performance parameter of the battery. It indicates the amount of electricity released by the button battery cr1620under certain conditions such as discharge rate, temperature, termination voltage, etc.

　　The button battery cr1620capacity is represented by C, and its units are represented by ampere-hour (Ah) and milliampere-hour (mAh).

　　(2)Charging rate and discharging rate

　　This concept is represented by the ratio of button battery cr1620rated capacity and charging time (discharging time), and the charging and discharging speeds of different batteries can be compared.

　　(3) Overcharging of the battery

　　Overcharging of the button battery cr1620means overcharging the battery. Overcharging will cause certain damage to the battery. When the charging process is almost over, that is, when the button battery cr1620is almost full, the button battery cr1620can only be charged at a low rate with a small current. Because the polarization phenomenon produced by charging with only a small current is lighter, less gas accumulates inside the battery, and the button battery cr1620has sufficient time to dissipate heat.

　　(4)Charge end voltage/discharge end voltage

　　When the button battery cr1620is fully charged, it means that the active material on the button battery cr1620plate has reached a saturated state, so even if the button battery cr1620continues to be charged at this time, the voltage of the button battery cr1620will never rise again. The voltage of the button battery cr1620at this time is called the charge termination voltage. Similarly, the discharge end voltage is the lowest voltage that can be reached during discharge.

　　(5) Internal resistance of battery

　　The resistance measured at both ends of the button battery cr1620is called the internal resistance of the battery.

　　(6)button battery cr1620life cycle and aging

　　The entire life cycle of the button battery cr1620will go through the following three stages: in the initial stage of use, the capacity will increase by 5% to 10%; in the subsequent stages, the capacity will remain unchanged; in the last stage, the button battery cr1620capacity will slowly begin to decrease. This period of capacity reduction is the aging stage of the battery. Generally speaking, when the button battery cr1620capacity drops to 80% of the rated capacity, the button battery cr1620life is considered to be over.

　　The main components and functions of the button battery cr1620management system:

　　(1) button battery cr1620terminal module (mainly for data collection, such as voltage parameters, current parameters, temperature, communication signals, etc.);

　　(2) Intermediate control module (mainly communicates with the vehicle system, controls the charger, etc.);

　　(3) Display module (mainly for data presentation and human-computer interaction).

　　In order to meet relevant standards or specifications, these components of BMS must complete the following tasks:

　　(1) button battery cr1620parameter detection. Including total voltage, total current, single cell voltage detection (to prevent overcharge, overdischarge and even reverse polarity), temperature detection (preferably each string of batteries, key cable joints, etc. have temperature sensors), smoke detection (monitoring electrolysis liquid leakage), insulation detection (monitoring leakage), collision detection, etc.;

　　(2)button battery cr1620status estimation. Including state of charge (SOC) or depth of discharge (DOD), health state (SOH), functional state (SOF), energy state (SOE), fault and safety state (SOS), etc.;

　　(3)Online fault diagnosis. Including fault detection, fault type judgment, fault location, fault information output, etc. Fault detection refers to using diagnostic algorithms to diagnose fault types through collected sensor signals and provide early warning.

　　button battery cr1620faults refer to sensor faults, actuator faults (such as contactors, fans, pumps, heaters, etc.) in various subsystems such as button battery cr1620packs, high-voltage circuits, and thermal management, as well as network faults and various controller software and hardware faults. wait. Failures of the button battery cr1620pack itself include overvoltage (overcharge), undervoltage (overdischarge), overcurrent, ultrahigh temperature, internal short circuit failure, loose joints, electrolyte leakage, insulation reduction, etc.;

　　(4) button battery cr1620safety control and alarm. Including thermal system control and high voltage electrical safety control. After the BMS diagnoses the fault, it notifies the vehicle controller through the network and requires the vehicle controller to perform effective processing (the BMS can also cut off the main circuit power supply when it exceeds a certain threshold) to prevent high temperature, low temperature, overcharge, over-discharge, and over-discharge. Current leakage and other damage to the button battery cr1620and personal life;

　　(5)Charging control. There is a charging management module in the BMS, which can control the charger to safely charge the button battery cr1620according to the characteristics of the battery, the temperature and the power level of the charger;

　　(6) button battery cr1620balancing. The existence of inconsistency makes the capacity of the button battery cr1620pack smaller than the capacity of the smallest cell in the pack. button battery cr1620balancing is to use active or passive, dissipative or non-dissipative balancing methods based on single cell information to make the button battery cr1620pack capacity as close as possible to the capacity of the smallest cell;

　　(7) Thermal management. According to the temperature distribution information and charging and discharging requirements in the button battery cr1620pack, the intensity of active heating/heat dissipation is determined so that the button battery cr1620can work at the most suitable temperature as much as possible and give full play to the battery's performance;

　　(8) Network communication. The BMS needs to communicate with network nodes such as the vehicle controller; at the same time, it is inconvenient to disassemble the BMS on the vehicle, and it needs to be calibrated online, monitored, upgraded and maintained without disassembling the shell. Generally, CAN is used in vehicle networks;

　　(9) Information storage. Used to store key data, such as SOC, SOH, SOF, SOE, cumulative charge and discharge Ah number, fault codes and consistency, etc.;

　　(10) Electromagnetic compatibility. Due to the harsh environment in which electric vehicles are used, BMS is required to have good anti-electromagnetic interference capabilities and at the same time, BMS is required to have low external radiation.

　　summary

　　To sum up, a mature button battery cr1620management system should safely monitor and effectively manage the button battery cr1620pack, improve button battery cr1620efficiency, increase driving range, extend button battery cr1620life, and reduce operating costs. While the button battery cr1620management system is developing in electric vehicles, its technology has also made great progress.

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