Into the electric vehicle LR6 alkaline battery management system

　　Comprehensive research on electric vehicles in various countries can reveal a common phenomenon, that is, the battery is the component with the most problems in the entire electric vehicle research. In the process of battery production, the battery must go through the formation testing process, that is, the battery needs to be charged and discharged multiple times during the battery production process to complete the production of the entire battery. Therefore, the performance of the formation control system directly affects the technical status and service life of lithium batteries, and determines the degree of pollution to the power grid during discharge. In order to meet the actual operating needs of electric vehicles, battery management systems have made important efforts in terms of functionality, reliability, practicality, and safety.

　　Introduction to battery management system:

　　Battery Management System (BMS), electric vehicle battery management system (BMS) is an important link between vehicle power batteries and electric vehicles. Its main functions include: real-time monitoring of battery physical parameters; battery status estimation; online diagnosis and early warning; charging , discharge and precharge control; equalization management and thermal management, etc.

　　Applications of battery management systems:

　　The main task of the battery management system (Battery Management System, BMS) is to ensure the design performance of the battery system:

　　1) Safety, protect battery cells or battery packs from damage and prevent safety accidents;

　　2) Durability, allowing the battery to operate in a reliable and safe area and extending the service life of the battery;

　　3) Dynamic performance, maintaining the battery working in a state that meets the vehicle requirements.

　　Basic concepts of power batteries:

　　(1) Battery capacity

　　Battery capacity is an important performance parameter of the battery. It indicates the amount of electricity released by the battery under certain conditions such as discharge rate, temperature, termination voltage, etc.

　　The battery capacity is represented by C, and its units are represented by ampere-hour (Ah) and milliampere-hour (mAh).

　　(2)Charging rate and discharging rate

　　This concept is represented by the ratio of the battery's rated capacity and charging time (discharge time), and the charging and discharging speeds of different batteries can be compared.

　　(3) Overcharging of the battery

　　Overcharging of the battery means overcharging the battery. Overcharging will cause certain damage to the battery. When the charging process is almost over, that is, when the battery is almost full, the battery can only be charged at a low rate with a small current. Because the polarization phenomenon produced by charging with only a small current is lighter, less gas accumulates inside the battery, and the battery has sufficient time to dissipate heat.

　　(4) Charge end voltage/discharge end voltage

　　When the battery is fully charged, it means that the active material on the battery plate has reached a saturated state, so even if the battery continues to be charged at this time, the voltage of the battery will never rise again. The voltage of the battery at this time is called the charge termination voltage. Similarly, the discharge end voltage is the lowest voltage that can be reached during discharge.

　　(5) Internal resistance of battery

　　The resistance measured at both ends of the battery is called the internal resistance of the battery.

　　(6) Battery life cycle and aging

　　The entire life cycle of the battery will go through the following three stages: in the initial stage of use, the capacity will increase by 5% to 10%; in the subsequent stages, the capacity will remain unchanged; in the last stage, the battery capacity will slowly begin to decrease. This period of capacity reduction is the aging stage of the battery. Generally speaking, when the battery capacity drops to 80% of the rated capacity, the battery life is considered to be over.

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