The inner tank is the heart of the solar water heater, and its characteristics affect the overall life of the product. It is understood that because stainless steel liner technology is easy to implement and the cost of production equipment and research and development is low, most products on the market use stainless steel liner. However, due to the limitations of the industry's technical level, defects such as stainless steel liner being easy to corrode, easy to collapse, and having poor pressure-bearing performance have not been solved. The enamel liner has the characteristics of pressure-bearing durability, anti-corrosion, anti-absorption, and clean water quality. It has been popularized in the field of electric water heaters and also provides reference for the upgrade of solar liner.

　　Development history of water heater liner

　　Water tank anti-corrosion technology is very important for water heaters. The development history of water heater liner is a history of the development of water tank anti-corrosion technology. When we walked into the electric water heater counter in the mall, we saw many types of liner such as titanium liner, gold liner, blue steel liner, and enamel liner. In fact, these liners basically use enamel technology. They are just given different names by the manufacturers to reflect a differentiated selling point. So far, the water heater liner has gone through three generations, from the original galvanized steel liner to the stainless steel liner and then to the enamel liner.

　　1. The first generation inner tank is galvanized and copper plate inner tank. Its characteristics include a thin protective layer, no anti-rust treatment, easy scaling, and short service life. Popularity is now basically extinct.

　　2. The second generation inner tank is a stainless steel inner tank. Its characteristics are good material and not easy to rust, but the biggest hidden danger is the welding seam. There are two ring-shaped welds and one straight weld on the inner tank. A cross-joint is formed between the welds. The original composition of the stainless steel at this joint is seriously damaged and is easily corroded by chloride ions in tap water, which brings serious consequences to the water quality. pollute. Popularity status Currently, stainless steel liner is almost extinct in both the domestic and international markets; as solar heaters are transitioning from the popularization period of stainless steel liner to the promotion period of enamel liner, the market share of stainless steel liner is still relatively large.

　　3. The third generation inner tank: enamel inner tank. Its characteristics are enamel on the surface of the thickened cylinder liner. The enamel material is mostly metal or silicide. With seamless welding technology, it can withstand a wide range of temperature changes, generally from minus 60°C to above zero 450°C. range of changes and can withstand sudden changes in high temperature. In terms of physical properties, it is compressive, tensile, elastic, electrically insulating, and pollution-free; in terms of chemical properties, it is acid-resistant, alkali-resistant, high-temperature-resistant, and water-vapor-resistant. All kinds of ions cannot penetrate its surface layer, which can effectively ensure water quality. pollute.

　　It can be seen from this that the birth of enamel liner in the field of electric water heaters is a long process. From galvanized sheet liner, to stainless steel liner, and then to enamel liner. At present, enamel liners have become mainstream products in domestic and foreign markets. Among them, the development history of electric water heater liner is longer, with a history of decades or even hundreds of years. At present, stainless steel liners have almost disappeared in both the domestic and international markets, and enamel liners are widely popular. Due to the limitations of the development stage of solar water heaters, most companies use stainless steel liner, which has certain advantages in the application of non-pressure solar water heaters and has a large market share.

　　Enamel liner is a high-tech product. By enamel plating on the surface of the thickened steel plate, it can withstand a wide range of temperature changes, generally ranging from minus 60°C to above zero 450°C, and can withstand sudden changes in high temperature. In terms of physical properties, it is compressive, tensile, elastic, electrically insulating, and pollution-free; in terms of chemical properties, it is acid-resistant, alkali-resistant, high-temperature-resistant, and water-vapor-resistant. All kinds of ions cannot penetrate its surface layer, which can effectively ensure water quality. pollute.

　　In the past two years, the market share of enamel-lined solar cells has increased rapidly, especially in the split pressure-bearing solar engineering market. It has shown outstanding performance and has attracted more and more attention from manufacturers and real estate developers, becoming the first choice product for pressure-bearing projects. In the future development of the solar water heater industry, pressure-bearing applications will dominate the market. Due to the limitations of the industry's development stage, the industry has now reached the stage of popularization of stainless steel liners and is in urgent need of transition to the stage of enamel liners.

　　Integration must first solve the problem of pressure

　　In recent years, the country has vigorously promoted green energy-saving buildings, and the utilization of solar energy has become an important part, and urban high-rise buildings and villa areas have become important application areas. However, many companies have encountered some resistance when promoting solar energy in urban areas, and some property management companies have banned the installation of solar energy on the grounds that it affects aesthetics.

　　Split solar energy is a comprehensive energy-saving and environmentally friendly product that is suitable for a variety of architectural styles. It can be used as an embellishment of architectural aesthetics and complies with national policy requirements for green energy-saving buildings. It is an indispensable technology for urban energy-saving buildings and an ideal supporting product for real estate developers. . However, to promote the integration of solar energy and buildings and promote split solar energy, we must first solve the pressure problem. Especially for urban high-rise and small high-rise users, due to installation location restrictions, non-pressure solar water heaters can no longer meet the needs of these customers.

　　Practice has proved that the enamel liner is the best pressure-bearing liner, but the enamel technology is limited by the industrial development stage. The solar water heater industry started late. Most manufacturers in the industry are emerging companies. They have not experienced the development stage of electric water heaters and lack mature enamel liner technology. However, the enamel liner has high technological content, large investment scale and complex process. Only after many years of development and testing can an excellent enamel liner be developed.

　　Enamel liner becomes the first choice for pressure-bearing applications

　　Many solar water heater companies have tried to produce enamel liners, but they have not been successful due to factors such as large investment, slow returns, difficulty in breaking through in enamel technology, and unstable performance. The production of enamel liners is far from as simple as stainless steel liners. The research and development and production of enamel liners requires internationally advanced enamel raw materials, enamel equipment, and years of research and development. It also requires enterprises to have strong financial strength, technical strength, marketing strength, and also Consider whether the input-output ratio is affordable.

　　The enamel liner is mainly composed of two raw materials: porcelain layer and special enamel steel plate. The choice of enamel steel plate is very picky. Its expansion coefficient must match that of the enamel. If the difference between the two coefficients is too large, cracks will appear on the surface of the enamel. Only after years of repeated research and development, the optimal ratio parameters of steel plate, enamel, enamel temperature and enamel time were truly found.

　　Ordinary stainless steel liner is generally about 0.5mm thick, or even lower. It has better effect in non-pressure-bearing applications, but is prone to collapse in pressure-bearing applications. The enamel liner uses all imported equipment, the enamel powder uses imported materials, and the steel plate uses BTC340R high-quality steel plate. Both the thickness of the steel plate and the thickness of the enamel are 4 to 5 times that of the stainless steel liner. The ordinary stainless steel liner can be deformed by pressing the hand, but the enamel liner will not deform even if four adults stand on it. This is the function of the high-thickness steel plate, which effectively ensures that the water tank will not collapse.

　　The international standard for the pressure-bearing index of the enamel liner stipulates that the pressure resistance of the enamel liner is above 10kg, and our own test data is much higher than the international standard. American standards require that the enamel liner can withstand 100,000 fatigue tests. Australia requires more than 250,000 times. The stainless steel liner has a service life of only a few years, while the enamel liner can be used for at least 15 years. The popularization of enamel lining has become the development direction of the solar water heater industry, especially in the current integrated application of solar energy and buildings.

　　Some solar energy companies have also tried to produce enamel inner pots, but the investment in enamel inner pots is large, the output benefits are not obvious in the short term, and they may even fail. Many companies have returned without any effort. Nowadays, many solar energy companies are actively expanding international trade and have achieved some results. When many foreign businessmen purchase solar water heating systems, they will clearly specify that they need an enamel pressure-bearing inner tank. Most of the current electric water heater manufacturers have enamel liner technology, and solar energy companies can cooperate with them to jointly promote pressure-bearing solar energy. In this way, for the company itself, it can ensure the smooth progress of large-scale projects; for water heater companies, it can promote the popularization of pressure-bearing liner; for society, it can promote green energy-saving buildings and form a good social effect.

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