The working principle and functions of the BMS lithium battery management system. The BMS lithium battery management system can ensure the safety of the power lithium battery pack and is the primary task of the lithium power battery management system. Battery management system, different cell types often have different requirements for the management system. Usually BMS lithium battery system usually includes detection module and calculation control module.

　　Working principle of BMS lithium battery management system

　　The BMS lithium battery system, commonly known as battery nanny or battery butler, is mainly used to intelligently manage and maintain each battery unit, prevent the battery from overcharging and over-discharging, extend the service life of the battery, and monitor the status of the lithium battery. The BMS lithium battery management system unit includes a BMS battery management system, a control module, a display module, a wireless communication module, electrical equipment, a battery pack used to power electrical equipment, and a collection module used to collect battery information from the battery pack. .

　　The lithium battery management system BMS determines the status of the entire battery system by detecting the status of each single battery in the power battery pack, and performs corresponding control adjustments and strategy implementation on the power battery system based on their status to achieve control over the power lithium battery system and The charge and discharge management of each cell ensures the safe and stable operation of the power battery system.

　　The topology structure of a typical lithium battery management system is mainly divided into two major blocks: the master control module and the slave control module. Specifically, it is composed of a central processing unit, a data acquisition module, a data detection module, a display unit module, a control component, etc. Generally, data information communication between modules is achieved by using internal CAN bus technology.

　　Based on the functions of each module, BMS can detect the voltage, current, temperature and other parameters of the power lithium battery in real time, implement thermal management, balance management, high voltage and insulation detection of the power battery, and can calculate the remaining capacity and charge and discharge power of the power battery. and SOC&SOH status.

　　A good BMS lithium battery management system has a temperature sensor that can monitor the voltage of an individual battery pack and detect low-performance batteries before the battery pack is packaged. This 100% testing ensures higher yields, higher battery capacity and reduced warranty commitments. A good battery management system also records mechanical impacts, deep discharge dates and information, so false warranty claims can be avoided. An excellent BMS can also detect the humidity of lithium battery packs to avoid accidents.

　　The main task of the BMS lithium battery management system is to ensure the design performance of the battery system, which can be broken down into the following three aspects:

　　1) Safety, protect battery cells or battery packs from damage and prevent safety accidents;

　　2) Durability, allowing the battery to operate in a reliable and safe area and extending the service life of the battery;

　　3) Dynamic performance, maintaining the battery working in a state that meets the vehicle requirements.

　　Functions of BMS lithium battery management system

　　1. Battery parameter detection. Including total voltage, total current, single lithium battery voltage detection (to prevent overcharge, overdischarge and even reverse polarity), temperature detection (it is best to have temperature sensors for each string of batteries, key cable joints, etc.), smoke detection (monitoring Electrolyte leakage, etc.), insulation detection (monitoring leakage), collision detection, etc.

　　2. Lithium battery status estimation. Including state of charge (SOC) or depth of discharge (DOD), health state (SOH), functional state (SOF), energy state, fault and safety state (SOS), etc.

　　3. Online fault diagnosis. Including fault detection, fault type judgment, fault location, fault information output, etc. Fault detection refers to using diagnostic algorithms to diagnose fault types through collected sensor signals and provide early warning.

　　4. Battery safety control and alarm. Including thermal system control and high voltage electrical safety control. After the BMS diagnoses the fault, it notifies the vehicle controller through the network and requires the vehicle controller to perform effective processing to prevent high temperature, low temperature, overcharge, over-discharge, over-current, leakage, etc. from damaging the lithium battery and personal life.

　　5.Charging control. There is a charging management module in the BMS, which can control the charger to safely charge the lithium battery based on the characteristics of the battery, the temperature and the power level of the charger.

　　6. Battery balancing. The existence of inconsistency makes the capacity of the lithium battery pack smaller than the capacity of the smallest cell in the pack. Battery balancing is to use active or passive, dissipative or non-dissipative balancing methods based on single cell information to make the battery pack capacity as close as possible to the capacity of the smallest single cell.

　　7. Thermal management. According to the temperature distribution information and charging and discharging requirements in the lithium battery pack, the intensity of active heating/heat dissipation is determined so that the battery can work at the most suitable temperature as much as possible and give full play to the battery's performance.

　　8. Information storage. Used to store key data, such as SOC, SOH, SOF, SOE, accumulated charge and discharge Ah number, fault codes and consistency, etc. The real BMS in the vehicle may only have some of the hardware and software mentioned above. Each battery cell should have at least one battery voltage sensor and one temperature sensor.

　　The above is the working principle and function of the BMS lithium battery management system. There have been many studies on the lithium battery management system at home and abroad, and it has begun to be applied in many fields and has been able to meet the needs of some markets.

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