Research and development of rechargeable aqueous zinc-ion batteries. In the past two years, rechargeable neutral aqueous zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs) have received continued attention due to their advantages of low cost, high safety, environmental protection, and high performance, which are beyond the reach of current organic batteries. Therefore, aqueous zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs) have attracted widespread attention from researchers.

　　Research and development of rechargeable aqueous zinc-ion batteries

　　Zinc is rich in resources, low in cost, high in capacity and environmentally friendly, and is considered to be one of the most promising anode materials for new energy devices. Therefore, aqueous zinc-ion batteries have been considered as very promising alternatives in next-generation energy storage technologies.

　　Rechargeable aqueous zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs) have the advantages of low cost, high operational safety, and environmental friendliness, and have obvious potential in the application of large-scale energy storage systems. At present, many meaningful works on aqueous ZIBs have been reported, including metallic zinc anodes, electrolytes, and cathode materials. However, there are still huge challenges in the development of water-based ZIBs.

　　Aqueous zinc-ion batteries have the characteristics of low cost, safety and environmental friendliness. Although the aqueous Zn/MnO2 battery under current research has a capacity of more than 200mAhg-1, its cycle performance needs to be further improved. Prussian blue analogue, another aqueous ZIBs cathode material with an open structure, also exhibits low capacity and poor rate performance, and cannot meet the needs of large-scale energy storage.

　　Since the performance of currently available cathode materials is not ideal, the research focus of aqueous zinc batteries is mainly focused on finding suitable cathode materials. In addition, the demand for flexible wearable electronic devices is growing day by day, and there is an urgent need to develop corresponding energy storage systems with high safety, bendability, and excellent electrochemical properties.

　　Although energy storage systems such as lithium-ion batteries are relatively mature and have good performance, these systems cannot meet the requirements of powering flexible electronic devices because they contain toxic or environmentally hazardous components and do not have good bending properties. need.

　　Because aqueous electrolyte has the characteristics of low price, easy synthesis, high ionic conductivity, good rate performance and high power density. At present, zinc-ion batteries and sodium-ion batteries have the advantages of low price, high capacity, high conductivity and abundant resource reserves. But zinc-ion batteries are safer, cheaper, and easier to apply on a large scale than lithium-ion and sodium-ion batteries.

　　Recently, Zhang Ning, a doctoral candidate at the School of Chemistry at Nankai University, designed a new cathode material and electrolyte for "aqueous zinc-ion" batteries, which has significantly improved the performance, safety, and stability of zinc-ion batteries.

　　Lithium-ion batteries are not conducive to large-scale energy storage applications due to safety and price factors. Since zinc resources are abundant and cheap, and the aqueous electrolyte does not have flammable and explosive hazards, its characteristics are suitable for large-scale energy storage systems, such as smart grids.

　　The use of zinc-ion batteries can not only greatly improve battery performance, safety and stability, but also reduce costs. In particular, zinc resources are cheap and easy to obtain, making them more suitable for large-scale use in production practice.

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