UPS uninterruptible power supply technology classification and common interface types. With the development of science and technology, the requirements for UPS uninterruptible power supply technology are getting higher and higher. There are more and more specifications and varieties, and the technical difficulty is getting higher and higher. The academic fields involved are also Getting wider. The working mode of UPS power supply can be divided into single mode, parallel mode, redundant mode and parallel redundant mode according to the requirements of power supply reliability and continuity of electrical equipment.

　　UPS uninterruptible power supply, as the name suggests, ensures uninterrupted power supply to the load even if the mains power is cut off. This is because UPS uninterruptible power supply contains batteries, which can store electrical energy and convert DC power into AC power through the inverter to continue supplying power to the load. It ensures constant voltage and constant frequency power supply to the load, so it is widely used in fields such as computers and large electronic equipment.

　　UPS uninterruptible power supply technology classification

　　(1) Energy is usually stored in some form, and then turned into electrical energy to supply the load when used. Typical equipment is various common batteries.

　　(2) Convert other energy into electrical energy, such as water power, thermal power, wind power, nuclear power generation, etc. This kind of electricity is generally called a primary power supply (commonly known as the power grid or city power).

　　(3) In the process of power transmission, the power is converted or stabilized between the primary power supply and the load. This power supply is generally called a secondary power supply (that is, the existing power supply is controlled).

　　With the development of science and technology, the requirements for UPS power supply technology are getting higher and higher, with more and more specifications and varieties, more and more technical difficulties, and more and more academic fields involved. As far as the technology itself is concerned, it can be divided into three categories:

　　(1) DC power supply: The input power supply can be AC or DC, single-phase AC or three-phase AC, and the output is DC (including stabilized voltage or current), including linear control and switch control.

　　(2) AC power supply: The input power supply is mostly single-phase or three-phase AC power, and the output is still AC power (single-phase or three-phase, when the input power is DC power, it is called an inverter), including voltage stabilization, stabilization, and current flow. , frequency stabilization, uninterrupted power supply and other types.

　　(3) Special power supply (or industrial power supply): such as electroplating, electrolysis, welding, laser, high voltage and other types of power supply. The input is mostly AC mains power, and the output is in the form of DC, AC or pulse.

　　Basic content of UPS power supply technology: Generally speaking, the main content of power supply technology includes the following parts: power electronic devices, power conversion circuits, power supply machines and systems, etc. UPS uninterruptible power supplies can be divided into three types according to their working methods: offline, online and online interactive UPS power supplies.

　　1. Offline UPS

　　Offline UPS uninterruptible power supply supplies power directly to the load through the bypass when the mains power supply is normal. When the mains power is cut off, the UPS uninterruptible power supply converts the battery's DC power into AC power through the inverter to supply power to the load.

　　Offline UPS uninterruptible power supply has the following characteristics: When the mains power is normal, the offline UPS uninterruptible power supply does not do any processing of the mains power and directly outputs power to the load. Therefore, the ability to suppress mains noise and surges is poor and the protection performance is poor. Low, there is conversion time. The advantages of this method are simple structure, small size, light weight and low cost.

　　2. Online

　　The online UPS uninterruptible power supply is different from the offline type. The online UPS usually supplies power to the load from the inverter output, that is, the inverter takes priority. Only when the UPS fails, is overloaded or overheats will the bypass output be switched to the load. .

　　The characteristics of online UPS power interruption are also very obvious: after the UPS power supply processes the power output to the load, the output power quality is the highest, there is no conversion time, the protection performance is the best, and the ability to suppress mains noise and surges is strongest. Its disadvantages are complex structure and high cost. Therefore, when selecting a UPS uninterruptible power supply, you can choose a more suitable one according to the environmental conditions of use.

　　3. Online interactive

　　The online interactive UPS uninterruptible power supply usually supplies power to the load after being transformed by the bypass transformer. The inverter is used as a charger to charge the battery. When the mains power is cut off, the inverter converts the battery DC power into AC power. The output supplies power to the load. Features of online interactive UPS: bidirectional converter design, short UPS battery recharge time; conversion time; complex control structure, high cost; protection performance is between online and offline UPS, suppressing mains noise and less surge capable.

　　Common interface types of UPS uninterruptible power supply

　　From the birth of UPS power supply equipment to today, the technology has developed very rapidly. Traditional stand-alone UPS equipment has gradually withdrawn from the stage of history, and network online UPS is increasingly favored by various enterprises. UPS equipment interfaces are mainly divided into RS232 serial port, RS485 serial port, USB interface, and SNMP network interface. Different interface types have different characteristics and are used in different situations.

　　RS232 interface features:

　　The RS-232 interface is also called an RS-232 port, a serial port, an asynchronous port or a COM (communication) port. "RS-232" is its most obvious name. In the computer world, a large number of interfaces are serial ports or asynchronous ports, but they do not necessarily conform to the RS-232 standard, but we usually think of them as RS-232 ports. Strictly speaking, the RS-232 interface is an interface between DTE (data terminal equipment) and DCE (data communication equipment). DTE includes computers, terminals, serial printers and other equipment.

　　RS485 interface features:

　　In response to the shortcomings of RS-232-C, some new interface standards have continued to appear. The standard maximum transmission distance of the RS-485 interface is 4000 feet, which can actually be up to 3000 meters. In addition, the RS-232-C interface is on the bus. Only 1 transceiver is allowed to be connected, that is, single station capability. The RS-485 interface allows up to 128 transceivers to be connected to the bus. That is, it has multi-station capability, so users can easily establish a device network using a single RS-485 interface.

　　SNMP interface features:

　　The so-called SNMP interface actually refers to the ability to manage UPS equipment through the SNMP interface with the help of the SNMP protocol. Everyone must be clear at this point. It turns out that the so-called SNMP interface of the UPS equipment is what we often call the RJ45 network interface.

　　In the process of selecting UPS equipment, we cannot be arbitrary. In addition to the often mentioned UPS operating power and other parameters, there is another piece of information that cannot be ignored, that is, the management interface type of the UPS equipment. Generally speaking, in addition to using power supply, our UPS The interface is connected to the equipment to be powered, and there is also a management interface. The network administrator controls the automatic opening, closing and working status of the UPS device through this management interface.

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