Modular UPS system technical architecture: decentralized bypass and centralized bypass. Industry colleagues who are familiar with the development of modular UPS should all know that the system architecture of modular UPS has two different technical routes from the beginning: decentralized bypass and centralized bypass. Modular UPS systems offer data center operators the ability to choose between two operating modes: Double conversion mode provides superior power protection.

　　Modular UPS power supply

　　Modular UPS, as the name suggests, is a high-power UPS system that is divided into multiple sub-modules and connected in parallel. Through optimized system control, it can realize online expansion, upgrade and maintenance of the system, and greatly improve the reliability, availability and energy-saving effect of the system, and reduce the Customer maintenance costs have gradually become the first choice for mainstream customers in recent years.

　　Modular UPS can be used in various scenarios. This special power supply is used in office buildings, production workshops or hospitals. It ensures normal production and medical care through continuous and stable power supply, and protects people's property safety and life safety. Its versatility allows this technology to be referenced almost anywhere a backup power source is needed.

　　Advantages of Modular UPS Technology

　　1. The modular UPS system must eliminate the common shortcomings of the system solution so that the system operation will be bottleneck-free. For example, advanced relaxed control technology can be used to deal with the circulation problem of parallel modules, so that the UPS system is not bound by the reliability of centralized control and prevents the occurrence of bottleneck defects. EPS power remote monitoring

　　2. When multiple modules are connected in parallel, the most important goal is current sharing. That is to say, if N UPS modules are connected in parallel, it must be ensured that the output current of each modular UPS is 1/N of the total output current. , at least the maximum imbalance between them must be within the required range.

　　3. Energy conservation and consumption reduction are the biggest problems encountered by data centers today. In addition to availability, the UPS system that ensures the power supply of the data center must be high-efficiency, pollution-free, and low energy consumption.

　　4. UPS is completely modular. Each modular UPS is an intelligent independent unit. A defect in any module will not affect the normal operation of other modules. It can exit the system by itself without affecting the operation of the entire system.

　　5. All UPS modules in the system share the battery pack. Use one battery or multiple batteries in parallel to increase system backup time.

　　Modular UPS technology: decentralized bypass and centralized bypass

　　1. Decentralized bypass architecture

　　Decentralized bypass architecture, that is, each power module contains rectifier, inverter, battery conversion and other parts, and also contains a static bypass equal to the capacity of the power module. It can be considered as a UPS without LCD monitoring. Multiple modules are connected in parallel in the cabinet to form a system, and the relationship between the modules is similar to the traditional multi-parallel UPS system. When the system switches to bypass power supply, the load is powered in parallel by distributed bypasses in all power modules.

　　The advantages of the modular UPS decentralized bypass solution are: simple control and low development difficulty. It only needs to transplant the original UPS parallel system and optimize the monitoring part; the cabinet cost is low; the bypass device has a relatively small capacity because of its small capacity. Lower; static bypass has multiple redundant paths.

　　The centralized bypass solution is a technical route developed after decentralized bypass. Compared with the traditional parallel UPS system, great changes have been made in terms of parallel current sharing control, system logic coordination, and fault tolerance. It can be said to be a completely new The technical field is difficult to develop.

　　2. Centralized bypass architecture

　　Centralized bypass architecture, the system has only one centralized bypass module with the same capacity as the system. The power module only contains rectifier, inverter and battery conversion circuits. Each part is controlled by an independent controller. Parallel connection between modules is no longer a traditional The UPS parallel system contains complex inverter current sharing, bypass control and monitoring logic.

　　The modular UPS centralized bypass solution is a technical route developed after decentralized bypass. Compared with the traditional parallel UPS system, it has made great changes in terms of parallel current sharing control, system logic coordination, and fault tolerance. It can be said that It is a brand new technical field and is difficult to develop.

　　Through the above analysis, I hope that everyone can further understand the differences in system comprehensive performance and product reliability between the two modular UPS power supply solutions. For UPS manufacturers, the choice of technical route is of great significance. Once the route is determined, product development will not be able to change midway, and subsequent product series will also continue. This is why no matter how the industry develops, manufacturers with decentralized bypass still cannot switch to another. One camp. At present, the most mainstream modular UPS manufacturers, such as Emerson, Eaton, APC, INVT, Huawei, etc., all adopt centralized bypass solutions. Smart customers should understand the reason.

　　Modular UPS is increasingly recognized for its high availability and maintainability, and has become the development trend of carrier-grade UPS in communication networks. At present, the bypass control technology of large-capacity modular UPS systems mainly has three modes: centralized bypass, rack independent decentralized bypass and power module independent decentralized bypass control mode. The modular UPS power supply system makes full use of modular technology to effectively improve the maintainability of the AC uninterruptible power supply system, thereby improving the system's availability.

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