American universities suggest not using fast charging methods to charge car batteries and develop new charging methods

Engineers at the University of California (Riverside) say commercial fast charging stations place electric vehicle batteries in high-temperature, high-resistance environments, which cause batteries to burst, leak, and lose storage capacity.To address the problem, the researchers developed a way to charge the batteries at lower temperatures, thus reducing the risk of catastrophic damage and storage capacity loss.

Mihri Ozkan, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and professor of Mechanical Engineering at the Marlan and Rosemary Bourns School of Engineering led a group to charge Panasonic NCR 18650B cylindrical lithium-ion batteries in Tesla cars using fast charging piles installed along the highway.

They also employ a fast charging algorithm based on internal battery resistance that interferes with the flow of electrons.The internal resistance of the battery changes with the temperature, charging state, battery life and other factors. In the charging process, the high internal resistance will cause problems.

The UC Riverside battery team charges what is an adaptive system that can learn from the battery by checking the internal resistance when charged.When the internal resistance works, the charging mode stops working, leaving the battery not losing the charging capacity.

During the first 13 charging cycles, the battery storage capacity caused by the two charging technologies remained similar.Rapid charging technology then causes a faster decay of battery capacity, maintaining only 60% of its storage capacity after 40 charge cycles.However, the battery is charged by internal resistance charging mode, which can still maintain more than 80% of the capacity during the 40th charging cycle.

Maintaining 80% capacity already shows that rechargeable lithium-ion batteries have reached their service life and cannot be used for most applications.Batteries using fast charging technology reach this state after 25 charging cycles, while batteries charged with internal resistance charging method only reach this state after 36 charging cycles.

To make matters worse, after 60 charging cycles, the fast charging battery housing breaks up and the electrodes and electrolyte are exposed to the air, increasing the risk of fire or explosion.High temperatures of 60 ° C / 140 ° F accelerate the risk of battery damage and fire / explosion, but internal resistance charging causes lower battery temperature, eliminating the damage.

Currently, researchers have patented the adaptive internal resistance fast charging algorithm, which may be licensed to battery and car makers.Meanwhile, the UC Riverside battery team recommends minimizing the use of commercial fast charging piles, charging before the battery runs out, and preventing overcharging.

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