The charging control of lithium batteries is divided into two stages. The first stage is constant current charging. When the battery voltage is below 4.2V, the charger will charge at a constant current. The second stage is the constant voltage charging stage. When the battery voltage reaches 4.2V, due to the characteristics of lithium batteries, if the voltage is too high, it will be damaged. The charger will fix the voltage at 4.2V, and the charging current will gradually decrease. When the current decreases to a certain value (usually 1/10 of the set current), the charging circuit will be cut off, and the charging completion indicator light will light up, indicating that the charging is completed.

　　Excessive charging and discharging of lithium-ion batteries can cause permanent damage to the positive and negative electrodes. Excessive discharge leads to collapse of the negative electrode carbon layer structure, which can cause

　　Lithium ions cannot be inserted during the charging process; Overcharging causes excessive lithium ions to embed into the negative electrode carbon structure, causing some of the lithium ions to no longer be released.

　　Some chargers are implemented using inexpensive solutions, but their control accuracy is not good enough, which can easily cause abnormal battery charging and even damage the battery. When choosing a charger, try to choose a large brand 18650 lithium-ion battery charger, with guaranteed quality and after-sales service to extend the battery's service life. The 18650 lithium-ion battery charger guaranteed by the brand has four protection functions: short circuit protection, overcurrent protection, overvoltage protection, battery reverse connection protection, etc. Overcharge protection: When the charger overcharges the lithium-ion battery, to prevent internal pressure rise caused by temperature rise, the charging state needs to be terminated. For this purpose, the protective device needs to monitor the battery voltage. When it reaches the overcharge voltage of the battery, the overcharge protection function is activated and charging is terminated. Overdischarge protection: In order to prevent the over discharge state of lithium-ion batteries, when the voltage of the lithium-ion battery is lower than its over discharge voltage detection point, the over discharge protection is activated, the discharge is stopped, and the battery is kept in a low static current standby mode. Overcurrent and short circuit protection: When the discharge current of a lithium-ion battery is too high or a short circuit occurs, the protective device will activate the overcurrent protection function.

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