According to reports, the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Brookhaven National Laboratory has designed a new organic cathode material for lithium batteries. With sulfur at its core, the material is more energy dense, cost-effective and environmentally friendly than traditional cathode materials in lithium batteries.

　　Daily necessities such as smartphones and electric cars require lithium batteries to provide energy, and as demand for such products continues to grow, scientists have been studying how to optimize cathode materials to improve the overall performance of lithium battery systems.

　　In addition to solving the energy challenges facing battery systems, Brookhaven National Laboratory scientists are also researching materials design for sustainable batteries. In search of sustainable cathode materials that can deliver high energy density, scientists have chosen a safe and abundant element – sulfur.

　　Scientists at the U.S. Department of Energy's Brookhaven Office of Science User Facility's National Synchronous Light Source II (NSLS-II) said: "Sulfur can form a lot of bonds, which means it can grab more lithium, thereby enhancing energy density. And sulfur is also lighter than the cathode material. The traditional elements are lightweight, allowing electric vehicles to have a longer range."

　　When designing the new cathode material, the researchers chose an organic disulfide compound composed of carbon, hydrogen, sulfur and oxygen instead of the heavy metals in traditional lithium batteries, which are not very environmentally friendly. But while sulfur batteries are safer and have higher energy density, they also face other challenges.

　　"As the battery charges and discharges, sulfur turns into a bad compound that dissolves in the electrolyte and spreads throughout the battery, causing adverse reactions," Shadike said. "We designed a cathode material that allows sulfur atoms to Attached to an organic backbone, which stabilizes the sulfur.”

　　The researchers say the research could improve the performance of high-performance lithium batteries, which use sulfur-based cathode materials.

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