Yu Dexiang, chairman of Tered, the largest shareholder in the charging pile industry, said in a recently released "Letter to Tered's Shareholders" that Te Laiding's goal in 2018 is to reduce losses to about 100 million yuan and strive to achieve profit and loss. balance.

　　This reveals the current status of the charging pile industry. Problems such as large initial investment in charging pile construction, unclear business models, and difficulty in making profits have deterred many companies. The business model of the entire charging pile industry is still in the process of exploration.

　　The greater the demand for charging piles, the greater the losses of charging pile companies.

　　According to data from the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, my country's production and sales of new energy vehicles reached 794,000 and 777,000 respectively in 2017, with the cumulative number of vehicles in stock reaching 1.8 million, accounting for more than 50% of the global market and ranking first in the world for three consecutive years. 90% of new energy vehicles are electric vehicles that require charging, so charging facilities have become an important factor in the new energy vehicle industry.

　　According to the data shown in the "Charging Pile Industry Prospect Forecast and Investment Analysis Report", the gap between vehicle piles is still expanding. By the end of 2017, my country had built a total of about 210,000 public charging piles, with a total vehicle-to-pile ratio of about 8:1, which is far from meeting the normal charging needs of new energy vehicles.

　　There are currently more than a hundred operators in the charging pile market. The top four operators, State Grid, Terud (Te Laidian), Putian, and Wanbang (Xingxing Charging), occupy 86% of the market share.

　　According to Zhu Jianzhong, general manager of Star Charge Private Charging, the current situation in the charging pile market is that the cost recovery and profit cycle are too long.

　　The main profits from charging pile operations come from three parts: service fees, electricity price difference and value-added services. Charging electricity fees and service fees are the basic profit methods for most operators at present.

　　According to research reports from multiple securities companies, based on the average market price, the average cost of slow charging public charging piles is 20,000 yuan, and the cost of fast charging piles is between 100,000 and 200,000 yuan. In addition, land use fees, infrastructure, power distribution facilities, For operating costs and other costs, it is difficult to achieve profitability in the short term by relying solely on the price difference of electricity sales and charging service fees.

　　Taking a bus-specific charging station with 10 120KW DC charging piles as an example, the initial investment cost is about 5 million yuan, and the annual operating cost of the charging station is about 670,000 yuan. If the vehicle-to-pile ratio reaches 6:1, the charging service fee is 0.6 yuan/kWh, and the average daily charging time is 5 hours (charging rate 21%). The annual charging volume is about 2.16 million kWh, and the charging service fee income is about 1.3 million yuan. Rough calculation shows that it will take about 8 years to recover the investment cost.

　　According to industry insiders, "The charging rate of 21% is relatively normal for bus-specific charging stations. The average charging rate of charging stations is far from this level. For companies that are doing well in the industry, the average charging rate is around 15%." He It is estimated that the payback period of a charging station will be longer.

　　The "Guidelines for the Development of Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure (2015-2020)" jointly issued by the National Development and Reform Commission, the Energy Bureau, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, and the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development clearly stated that by 2020, there will be more than 12,000 new centralized charging and swapping stations and more than 480 decentralized charging piles. Ten thousand (500,000 public charging piles and 4.3 million private charging piles) to meet the charging needs of 5 million electric vehicles across the country.

　　The government has always subsidized this field. At present, more than 30 provinces and cities have introduced subsidy policies for the construction of charging facilities, with subsidies up to 30% of facility investment and a maximum subsidy amount of 5 million yuan. Many local governments have also introduced corresponding mechanisms, such as: encouraging individuals to build their own charging piles in their own parking spaces, and providing a subsidy of 600 yuan for each newly built charging pile; non-governmental agencies and public institutions that purchase new qualified new energy vehicles will receive a subsidy of 600 yuan per new charging pile. 60% of central subsidies will be provided to local matching subsidies.

　　Even so, charging piles are in the nature of infrastructure, with huge investment and long payback cycle, which is the consensus in the industry. Cash flow is the "vital key".

　　On March 30, Triad issued an announcement stating that the company planned to issue convertible bonds of approximately 1.042 billion yuan to support the company’s strategic development. According to the company's disclosure in the issuance plan, most of the funds raised from this convertible bond will be used for the construction of the company's charging network and the research and development of related charging technologies.

　　Walking on many legs, the profit path for enterprises

　　A large number of companies have also begun to seek ways to make profits other than the charging business, such as advertising, insurance, finance, car sales, transportation leasing, and automobile industry big data using charging piles as the entrance. According to the estimate announced by the National Development and Reform Commission that there will be more than 4.8 million decentralized charging piles in 2020, if each charging pile can obtain 200 yuan/year in advertising revenue, the advertising market size of decentralized charging piles will reach 1 billion yuan by 2020.

　　Pile advertising is the easiest profit model for most operators. They can achieve advertising revenue by installing LCD screens or advertising light boxes on charging piles, but this requires a certain number of charging piles and sufficient user resources.

　　Charging pile insurance service is the first model tried by State Grid. Through cooperation with the insurance industry, State Grid ensures charging safety for customers by giving away charging pile insurance. In an attempt to sell cars, State Grid launched the “State Grid Mall”, which includes the business of selling electric vehicles. Te Laidian has developed the "Te Lai Che" APP to realize the expansion of industries such as car sales, car rentals, and time-sharing leasing. But for now, charging business is still the key to profitability for such companies.

　　Some companies seek profit breakthroughs in business diversification, while others seek breakthroughs in electric pile operation models.

　　According to statistics, as of the end of 2017, the number of charging piles in my country reached 450,000, including 210,000 public charging piles and 240,000 private charging piles. At present, the vacancy rate of private charging piles in the market is as high as 75%. With the popularization of the sharing concept, the market potential of "private charging pile sharing" is huge. Sharing of private charging piles is the operating model advocated by Star Charging. According to reports, under private pile sharing, individual pile owners become private pile partners, sharing parking spaces and car piles with other car owners to share the income, while improving the utilization rate of charging piles.

　　Zhu Jianzhong said, “Take parking spaces as an example. In terms of the current car ownership and existing parking spaces, there is no way to do one car per car, and there is no way to do one car per pile, so the need for shared charging is Sooner or later."

　　However, parking charges, space occupied by fuel vehicles, time-consuming slow charging piles, and conflicts in sharing time periods are still factors that hinder the sharing of charging piles at this stage.

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