When will there be a breakthrough in battery technology?

　　Lithium battery pack technology is developing slowly. When will there be a breakthrough in battery technology? The reason why lithium battery packs are developing so slowly is largely because almost every tiny improvement or change requires a lot of experiments and testing. , to ensure safety and stability. Even if a material is discovered that is helpful for increasing energy density, there is no guarantee that it will actually work.

　　In recent years, researchers have worked hard to improve the energy density, value, safety, environmental impact and trial life of lithium battery packs, and to design new types of batteries. So, when will there be a revolutionary breakthrough in battery technology?

　　1. The development of traditional lithium battery pack technology is slow and there is limited room for further optimization.

　　Consumer electronics, automobiles and grid storage are the three main industries where batteries are currently used. The editor of Cuneng Electric calls these three industries the three major areas where people connect with batteries. Each area has different requirements for batteries, so the batteries used can be very different.

　　The phone in your pocket needs a strong, safe battery, and weight and cost are no big considerations.

　　For the automotive battery industry, a lot of batteries are needed, so cost and weight, as well as cycle life (you'd be crazy if a new Tesla needed a new battery every two years), become very important.

　　Batteries used to store electricity for homes and grids don't require much weight or size.

　　Nearly every part of the electronics industry requires batteries and is limited by their power output and energy life. Batteries develop or advance much more slowly than other areas. This is a limitation of batteries themselves. You can't expect to have a battery that can power your phone for a week or a month. Because, the maximum energy stored in a battery is determined by the inherent elements.

　　Because lithium ions are the lightest alkali metal element and have the characteristics of smaller, lighter, and higher energy density, they quickly replaced nickel batteries. Among the constituent materials of lithium battery packs, there are other metal and non-metal materials such as iron phosphate, manganese, graphite, titanate, etc., but it depends on the embedding and extraction of the element "lithium ions" in the positive and negative electrodes. Realize the mutual conversion of electrical energy and chemical energy, and finally complete the charging and discharging process.

　　However, the technological progress of lithium battery packs has been slow. At present, lithium-ion batteries are much higher than lead-acid and nickel-metal hydride batteries in terms of energy density, high and low temperature characteristics, and rate performance, but they are still difficult to meet the rapidly growing demand for electronic products, electric vehicles, etc. Traditional lithium battery technology is now close to its bottleneck, and there is limited room for further optimization.

　　2. Scientists are working on developing new lithium batteries

　　Currently, scientists are working on developing new batteries with stronger energy storage and longer life, especially batteries that are more suitable for different fields, because no battery can be suitable for all fields.

　　1. Not long ago, Chinese scientists developed a lithium battery that can be used at minus 70 degrees Celsius. It is expected to be used in extremely cold areas of the earth and even outer space in the future. It sounds really "explosive". According to researchers, the materials used in this new battery are low-cost and environmentally friendly, but it will take some time to commercialize it. The main problem is that its energy density is too low and cannot match traditional lithium battery packs.

　　2. In the automotive industry, batteries ultimately determine the life of the car, and also determine people’s fear and anxiety about electric vehicles. To solve this problem, engineers and scientists are trying to cram more voltage capacity into batteries. Currently, a large amount of research is devoted to finding new materials and chemicals to supplement or replace the lithium-ion lattice or other parts of the battery.

　　For example, some innovative approaches can replace the traditional graphite anode lattice with silicon, which will have 10 times more lithium ions. However, silicon will expand when absorbing lithium ions, so researchers need to solve this problem; replace lithium metal with The lattice acts as an anode, but it's possible that it can short-circuit while charging. This is a long-standing headache for battery manufacturers since the advent of lithium batteries 20 to 30 years ago.

　　3. Consider the "heart" of the battery - the electrode/electrolyte interface. Among all environmental factors, temperature has the greatest impact on battery charge and discharge performance. Xia Yongyao, a professor at the Department of Chemistry and New Energy Research Institute of Fudan University in China, led a team to develop a new cold-resistant battery. It uses ethyl acetate with a low freezing point and can conduct electricity under extremely low temperature conditions as the electrolyte, and uses two organic compounds as electrodes. cathode and anode.

　　Ethyl acetate electrolyte and organic polymer electrodes allow rechargeable batteries to operate at extremely low temperatures of minus 70 degrees Celsius. "The material for the new battery is plentiful, cheap and environmentally friendly, and he expects the material to be only about one-third the price of traditional lithium battery electrode materials.

　　You know, in extremely cold areas such as Russia and Canada, the temperature is below minus 50 degrees Celsius; in space, the temperature is as low as minus 157 degrees Celsius. The performance of traditional lithium battery packs is only 50% of its optimal level at minus 20 degrees Celsius, and only 12% of its optimal level at minus 40 degrees Celsius.

　　The new battery is still in the laboratory stage. The main challenge facing productization is that the energy per unit mass of this battery is still far behind that of commercialized lithium batteries. The production process still needs to be optimized, but it has significant application potential. Therefore, Working hard to overcome the problem.

　　3. Batteries using graphene materials perform well

　　graphene material

　　Now that lithium battery pack technology has encountered bottlenecks, people have thought of some new ways to indirectly and effectively solve users' needs for battery life. In research, it was found that batteries using graphene materials perform well.

　　According to reports, the main advantages of batteries using graphene materials are their service life, charging speed, and high temperature resistance. The attenuation rate of graphene batteries after 2,000 charges and discharges is within 15%, which is about 40-80% compared with ordinary lithium batteries. The charging speed is 5,000 mAh and can be fully charged in half an hour. If the circuit design is appropriate, it can theoretically be fully charged within 5 seconds. At the same time, by utilizing the efficient heat dissipation characteristics of graphene, the battery temperature is reduced by 5°C under the same working conditions.

　　However, most of the current technical research on graphene-based batteries is at the laboratory stage and has not yet reached practical use. There is still a long way to go before mass production.

　　4. Supercapacitor technology has broad application prospects

　　Super capacitor

　　The reason why supercapacitor is called "super" is that it is a power source with special properties between traditional capacitors and batteries. It mainly relies on electric double layer and redox pseudocapacitance charge to store electrical energy. However, no chemical reaction occurs during the energy storage process. This energy storage process is reversible, which is why the supercapacitor can be repeatedly charged and discharged hundreds of thousands of times. It stores energy in the separated charges. The larger the area used to store charges and the denser the separated charges, the greater its capacitance. Therefore, the huge surface area coupled with the very small charge separation distance makes it have an astonishingly large electrostatic capacity compared to traditional capacitors.

　　Compared with traditional chemical batteries, supercapacitors, which are known for their superior properties such as large capacity, high power, long life, low cost, and environmental protection, have great application prospects. As technology continues to develop, its application scope has expanded from the initial field of electronic equipment to the fields of power and energy storage.

　　Although lithium battery pack technology is developing slowly, researchers are designing new lithium batteries. I believe that a breakthrough in lithium battery technology is just around the corner, and better and more popular lithium batteries will be developed and created.

Read recommendations:

Coin Battery CR 2016

Understanding the causes of inflation in soft pack lithium batteries

Super battery prospect.18650 lithium ion battery cell

14500 battery wholesaler

602535 lipo battery