At the recent Norwegian Maritime Exhibition, ColorHybrid, a new generation plug-in dual-fuel ferry of Norwegian ColorLine Cruises, won the "2019 Best Ship Award". The ship is currently the world's largest battery-hybrid ferry, pushing the development of battery-powered ships to a new level.

　　More and more new fuels are emerging on the market, claiming to be the future power of the shipping industry. Among them, one leader is beginning to shine in the Norwegian market, and that is battery energy. Some 74 electric ships are expected to enter operation in 2021. Norwegian shipowners and technology manufacturers agree that battery technology can reduce ship emissions and reduce overall operating costs.

　　Norway vigorously explores ship battery technology

　　Predicting the future is never something for the faint of heart, but if someone has already taken steps to point us in a certain direction, then exploring the future will be much easier. The Norwegian maritime market is striving to act as a pathfinder in this regard, launching a number of hybrid or purely battery-powered ship projects.

　　Jan Fredrik Meling, president and CEO of Norwegian offshore engineering shipowner Eidesvik, said: "For shipowners, fuel consumption and cost are the most important things. When we first started to contact LNG, we had not heard of battery power, but now We are very interested in these new technologies.”

　　Norway has been a pioneer in green technology for a long time and has carried out many hybrid power test projects, such as Eidesvik's offshore support vessel Viking Lady, which provides a large part of its energy by fuel cells. Eidesvik has also made further use of battery technology on its subsea inspection, maintenance and repair vessel SevenViking, which was retrofitted with battery technology in 2019 and is expected to reduce its fuel consumption by 12.2%. Another subsea construction ship, NorthSeaGiant, has also been modified with three 678kWh battery equipment. Eidesvik claims that the ship's fuel saving rate will be as high as 30%.

　　The adoption of battery systems on ships has been slow to develop, primarily because of their limited energy storage capabilities and the large equipment size required to power an entire vessel.

　　However, now this technology has received a lot of research and development, the size of energy storage devices is gradually shrinking, and their use is becoming more and more flexible. According to the Norwegian Maritime Cleantech Cluster (NCE Maritime Cleantech), the delivery of the world's first pure electric ferry Ampère in 2014 sent a clear signal to the industry that battery technology has great potential. NCE MaritimeCleanTech CEO Hege? Kland said: "Ampère reduces fuel consumption by 70%, which is not only good for the environment, but also brings business benefits."

　　Ms. Kland noted that as a tool, batteries can be used in a number of different configurations, depending on vessel operations. “For ferries, you can choose pure electric power or combine it with other fuels to form a hybrid. For offshore vessels, the battery can be used as a peak-shaver or when the ship is in DP mode. Use when needed.”

　　As existing projects progress, NCE MaritimeCleanTech predicts that 74 electric ships will be in operation off the Norwegian coast by 2021. The cruise market is also a potential application area for battery technology, and Norwegian Cruise Line Fjords’ battery-powered cruise project is undergoing emissions control inspections.

　　China's electric ship market has promising prospects

　　Not only in Norway, the electric ship market is experiencing rapid development in many regions around the world. Electric ships can be divided into pure electric ships, diesel-electric hybrid ships and fuel cell ships. In terms of technological development, the maturity of fuel cell technology is relatively low. At present, existing ships are mainly tested on real ships. According to statistics, the current global electric ships are mainly diesel-electric hybrid, accounting for more than 80% of the total installed capacity.

　　From the perspective of application ship types, electric ships are currently mainly car-passenger ferries and passenger ships, and some offshore engineering ships also have certain applications. However, the industry is expanding the scope of battery power applications to more ship types. For example, in 2018, Dutch inland barge operator Port-Liner built Europe's first battery-powered inland container ship. At the beginning of this year, Japanese shipbuilding companies announced that they would jointly develop a new zero-emission electric propulsion oil tanker, which is also the world's first pure electric oil tanker. The first vessel is scheduled to be put into production in the fourth quarter of 2020. Its core energy source will be lithium-ion batteries for electric propulsion.

　　In fact, my country has laid out its plans earlier than Japan in terms of ship electrification. In January 2019, the world's first 2,000-ton new energy pure electric bulk carrier "Puffer" invested and built by Guangzhou Development Group Co., Ltd. held a ship-picking ceremony in Guangzhou. The completion of the ship has filled a gap in the world's market for inland river dual-electric drive bulk carriers of the same tonnage.

　　On June 13, the first electric ship event was hosted by China Shipbuilding Industry Association, Fujian Provincial Department of Industry and Information Technology, and Ningde Municipal People's Government of Fujian Province, hosted by Ningde Municipal Bureau of Industry and Information Technology, and co-organized by Ningde Times New Energy Technology Co., Ltd. The innovation and development seminar was held in Ningde, Fujian. More than 130 leading experts from national ministries and commissions, industry associations, relevant enterprises and scientific research institutes gathered in Ningde to discuss the prospects, technical paths, key technologies, supporting policies, business promotion models and support measures for electric ships.

　　At the end of December 2018, CATL signed a strategic cooperation agreement with China Classification Society to jointly promote research on battery ship technical standards and water applications, and establish a safety specification system from battery cells, modules, battery management systems to battery systems. , to promote the healthy and sustainable development of lithium battery water safety applications.

　　According to a previous report released by international market research company ResearchandMarkets, the size of the global electric ship market will reach US$7.3 billion (approximately RMB 45.31 billion) by 2024. Data shows that the market size of my country's electric boats has reached 5.63 billion in 2016, and is expected to expand to 9.63 billion by 2021. The market prospect is very broad.

　　Common development of various ship energy sources

　　However, while developing battery technology, we should not stop researching other fuel types such as LNG. Jan Fredrik Meling said: "As a springboard for the future power of the shipping industry, LNG may provide a solution."

　　In addition, Norway is also conducting research and development on hydrogen energy, and hybrid hydrogen-powered ship projects are likely to enter the market in the near future. In the development process of most new fuels, the lag in infrastructure and regulatory regulations is the biggest challenge in the market. Rapid technological advancement often catches infrastructure construction and regulatory formulation by surprise.

　　Many Norwegian companies have begun to work together to create technology centers to find the best ways to develop new energy technologies and maximize energy efficiency. When it comes to energy technologies currently on the market, Mr Meling said hybrid power is an effective approach among many other options.

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