According to foreign media reports, electric car manufacturer Tesla's battery research team in Canada recently submitted a new patent application. This is a method of analyzing electrolytes in lithium-ion batteries, which will help prevent batteries from developing. Fault.

　　The patent was filed in Halifax by the Tesla battery research team led by Jeff Dahn. Dahn is considered a pioneer in the field of lithium-ion batteries. Dahn has been committed to the research of lithium-ion batteries since their invention. He helped improve the life cycle of lithium-ion batteries, which aided their commercialization. Dahn's work now focuses on improving battery energy density and durability.

　　In 2016, under the newly established "NSERC/Tesla Canada Industrial Research" (NSERC/Tesla Canada Industrial Research), Dahn's research team ended its 20-year research agreement with 3M and began to cooperate with Tesla. With this agreement, Tesla invests in a new research lab near Dahn Group near Halifax, Nova Scotia.

　　Dahn hasn't revealed much in the past few years, but it has been previously reported that his team has been working on electrolyte additives to improve the chemical properties of lithium-ion batteries. Earlier this year, the team began to apply for a battery technology patent for Tesla, and today it announced a new patent, which is the so-called "Method and System for Determining the Concentration of Electrolyte Composition in Lithium-Ion Batteries."

　　Dahn et al. describe the invention in the patent application abstract:

　　Our technology provides a computer-implemented method for determining the concentration of electrolyte components in lithium-ion batteries or lithium-ion batteries. The method includes issuing instructions to a spectrometer to capture a spectrum of an electrolyte sample solution and generate a signal. The method involves analyzing the signal to determine one or more spectral features of the spectrum.

　　The method includes preparing a spectral database corresponding to solutions having predetermined concentrations of electrolyte components, wherein the database includes a spectral database for a plurality of spectral features for each solution. The method also includes determining a machine learning (ML) model using a spectral database, and includes using the ML model to determine the concentration of the electrolyte component in the sample solution.

　　Tesla described current problems with electrolytes and how to analyze their status:

　　A major cause of failure in lithium-ion batteries, especially in high-voltage batteries, is the degradation of the electrolyte, especially on the surface of the charging electrode. Existing methods to solve battery failure and electrolyte degradation mainly focus on electrolyte decomposition product films built on the electrode surface. These films contain chemical components derived from electrolyte solvents and electrolyte salts, such as lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF6).

　　For example, LiPF6 decomposes into LiF and PF5, which is easily hydrolyzed into HF and PF3O. Both hydrolysis products are highly active on the electrode, and they inevitably exist in the LiPF6 solution and may adversely affect the performance of the electrode. Although the consumption mechanism of electrolyte solvent and electrolyte salt LiPF6 in lithium-ion batteries has been determined, there does not exist a cheap and accurate method to characterize unknown electrolytes and thereby determine the degree of electrolyte degradation.

　　Typically, quantitative analysis of electrolyte solutions focuses on expensive analytical tools such as nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry (NMR), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP). -OES) and requires a significant amount of time to analyze. Furthermore, some analytical tools cannot even directly measure the concentration of electrolyte components. For example, columns or detectors used in chromatographic methods cannot be exposed to the high-temperature decomposition products of LiPF6, so these methods focus only on the organic portion of the electrolyte.

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