Whether it is my country's Gobi Desert or India's New Delhi, rows of black solar panels have been erected, producing hundreds of millions of kilowatt-hours of electricity for mankind. It's clear that photovoltaic power generation is indeed a great green energy source in the world, but today a new study shows that the material silicon used to produce solar cells has small defects that affect the efficiency of power generation. Researchers in the study describe a flaw in the silicon material used to produce solar cells that can cause a 2% drop in power-generating efficiency within the first few hours of use. This defect, which the researchers call light-induced degradation (LID), had gone undetected for the past 40 years until this study. A 2% reduction in power production efficiency may not seem like a big deal, but statistics show that the global LID efficiency loss is equivalent to the power generation of 15 special buildings, which is a loss of more than gigawatts, especially when solar panels are responsible for providing As the world's total energy demand grows exponentially, this will be a huge loss of electricity. Not to mention that the number of solar panels around the world is still growing. But today, new research has found the cause of defects in silicon materials and developed a solution. In order to prove the fact that silicon materials have defects, the researchers reviewed 270 research papers on solar energy over more than 40 years and combined an electrical and optical technique called deep transient spectroscopy (DLTS) to find defects in silicon materials. Through DLTS analysis, the researchers found that as sunlight is converted into charges in the solar cell, a small part of the electron flow is captured by the silicon material, and the power generation efficiency is reduced. This is the material defect mentioned above. The study also found that this flaw in silicon typically lies dormant until the solar panel heats up. Crowe, a scientist at the University of Manchester, said the flaw had been demonstrated and a solution found. The study says the solution is as simple as heating the silicon material in a dark environment to compensate for the defects. Of course, scientists are still continuing to study how to improve the efficiency of solar panels, hoping to achieve another major breakthrough. The shortcomings of solar cells have been solved, and solar power stations around the world will greatly benefit, especially India and our country.

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