Energy storage technology is applied in multiple scenarios, safety and economy are important considerations

　　The energy storage industry has become a strategic emerging industry, with a huge market and accommodating diverse cooperation. At present, various technical routes have their own merits, and various application models emerge in endlessly. Industry experts believe that the key to energy storage technology is to be customer-centered, based on the objective needs of actual application scenarios, design and configure highly suitable energy storage systems, and fully tap the economic value of energy storage systems in different application scenarios. What are the advantages of different new technologies in improving the economics and safety of behind-the-meter energy storage? In the future, users can make different decisions based on their own needs. Multiple stations integrated into one to meet the city’s comprehensive energy needs. In March this year, the construction of the electrochemical energy storage power station with the largest domestic capacity began in Nanjing Jiangbei New District. According to reports, Jiangbei Energy Storage Power Station has a maximum charge and discharge power of 130,880 kilowatts and a total storage capacity of 268,600 kilowatt hours. It is the electrochemical energy storage power station with the largest capacity under construction in China. As the first urban energy complex in China, it includes a transformer substation. , energy storage power stations, electric vehicle charging stations, distributed photovoltaic power stations and data centers. As one of the important projects in Jiangsu to build a "smart city", Jiangbei Energy Storage Power Station will subsequently plan to explore the construction and operation of a "multi-station-in-one" approach of substation + energy storage station + photovoltaic charging station + data center to achieve energy, Data integration and sharing. "Multi-station integration includes substations, data centers, comprehensive energy stations, 5G, etc. to achieve energy exchange. The entire large power grid is also an energy storage system, but it is just dynamic energy storage." Director and professor of the Microgrid Office of the Power Distribution Institute of the Chinese Academy of Electric Power Sciences Senior engineer Wu Ming told reporters. It is understood that the energy station technology based on all-in-one power transformation, energy storage, charging, distributed power supply, data center, and communication base station will break the bottleneck of the mismatch between the rapid growth of energy loads and electric vehicles in large cities and the development of the power grid, and improve The comprehensive efficiency and benefits of the power grid can improve the absorption capacity of new energy, improve the reliability of power supply, and meet the comprehensive requirements of urban construction on energy and environment. At the same time that the construction of the energy storage station started, the construction of the 220 kV urban hub substation and the new energy vehicle charging and swapping station also started. As the main function of a traditional power station, the substation is compatible with the urban energy complex, and is also equipped with a new energy vehicle charging and swapping station. After completion, new energy vehicle users near the power station can freely enter the park to charge and replace their vehicles. Wu Ming believes that multi-station integration is an emerging model, in which many technical details and quality of battery group systems, battery grid-connected modes, control methods, measurement and control protection, and energy management systems need to be further optimized and improved. It is understood that the new concept and model of the urban energy complex is expected to be gradually extended to central cities across the country. By then, more wind power, photovoltaics and other clean energy can be stored for the city to use at any time; every electric vehicle can become a "power bank" for urban mobility; every electricity user can become a virtual power plant , energy realizes two-way flow. Distributed power supply + energy storage realizes multiple energy deployment and optimization. As an important aspect of smart city construction, the smart energy Internet has received more and more attention. As a major infrastructure, energy storage systems will play an "important role" in the construction of smart cities. On the user side, they include multiple application scenarios such as peak shaving and valley filling, demand regulation and the extension of electricity sales and other fields. Tang Huanji, technical director of Beijing Enterprises Smart Energy Co., Ltd., believes that current energy development faces three main problems. First, as the proportion of renewable energy power generation increases, the security and stability of the power grid are threatened; second, the power supply model is becoming more decentralized. With the development of power supply mode that is close to the user side, the power supply reliability requirements are higher and the control strategy is more complex. The third is the demand for rapid expansion of the power grid brought about by the rapid growth of power load. As a flexible tool, energy storage has become a supporting technology to solve the above problems and is a rigid need in the process of energy development. Microgrid is currently the most important application field of energy storage. Tang Huanji said that when multiple "distributed power sources + energy storage" are combined, the deployment and optimization of multiple energy sources can be achieved, that is, a microgrid. As an indispensable part of microgrid, energy storage plays a vital role in microgrid. In microgrid operation, there are two operating modes: grid-connected operation mode and island operation mode. In the island operation mode of the microgrid, energy comes from distributed energy sources and energy storage batteries. When the output of the distributed energy resources is less than the load demand, there will be a certain power shortage. The way to solve the power shortage is to equip the microgrid system with Energy storage equipment with a certain capacity. "For example, a photovoltaic power station in Jiangsu with a capacity of 8MW has a battery energy storage system of 10MW/40MWh and 10 charging pile systems. Its operation mode is that the electric energy produced by the entire system is first supplied to the factory. If there is more than the factory According to the electricity demand, the excess electricity is transferred to the large power grid. This project effectively reduces the factory's basic electricity bill through the intelligent control of the energy management system, saving the factory 15% of its annual electricity bill." Tang Huanji said, with At the same time, the project energy management system uses artificial intelligence algorithms to provide voltage regulation and frequency regulation services for the power grid. Lead-carbon battery energy storage technology with long cycle life and good safety is mostly used in areas with rapid economic development and huge power consumption. It is hoped that new peak regulation methods can alleviate peak and valley power demand. Among the energy storage technologies currently in use, electrochemical energy storage (battery energy storage) has the advantages of fast response speed and accurate load control. Its construction is not subject to geographical restrictions, has a short construction period, relatively low cost, and does not consume fossil fuels. , does not produce pollution emissions, so it has a relatively wide range of applications and is more suitable for the current development needs of smart microgrids. At the same time, battery energy storage can be used throughout all aspects of power generation, transmission, distribution, and use, making the rigid power system that is balanced in real time more flexible, ultimately changing the basic form and function of the power system. Among battery energy storage components, common carriers mainly include lead-acid batteries, lead-carbon batteries, lithium-ion batteries, flow batteries, and sodium-sulfur batteries. Different batteries have different performance characteristics. Zhejiang Nandu Power Supply Co., Ltd., which has a large scale of domestic energy storage projects in operation, mainly uses lead-carbon batteries in the field of user-side energy storage. The relevant person in charge of the company explained that lead-carbon batteries are a type of battery that will have capacitive characteristics. Or an upgraded version of lead-acid battery in which highly conductive carbon materials are added to the negative electrode. "It not only maintains the high energy density of the battery, but also has the characteristics of high power, fast charge and discharge, and long cycle life of the supercapacitor. It also has a high cost advantage and good safety. The company has invested in and constructed the largest commercialization project in the world. Energy storage power station - the smart distribution network energy storage power station in Singapore Industrial Park in Wuxi, Jiangsu uses lead-carbon energy storage technology." The power station provides energy storage services to the park at the power distribution end, and together with the industrial park, provides comprehensive energy for park enterprises Services, combining distributed renewable energy and smart microgrid technology, realize multi-energy complementary and coordinated supply of traditional energy and new energy. The above-mentioned person in charge added that this project is mainly focused on peak shaving and valley filling, with functions such as demand-side response, emergency power supply, and improvement of power quality. It is also the first project in Jiangsu Province to install electricity meters, and is simultaneously connected to Jiangsu Province’s power grid. The interactive dispatching platform participates in the demand-side response of Jiangsu Provincial Network and creates a new model of "investment + operation". Wu Xianzhang, chief engineer of Zhejiang Nandu Power Supply Co., Ltd., said that the company has proposed park-level "incremental distribution network +" energy storage services based on advanced lead-carbon battery technology and mature energy storage technology. Utilize the "virtual power plant" advantages of the energy storage system to achieve precise management and intelligent operation of power consumption in the park, and optimize the electricity bill management on the distribution network side of the park. At the same time, it adjusts the peak load balance of the park, provides smart energy-saving electricity and emergency power supply, and achieves power demand-side response.

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