Time:2024.12.25Browse:0
1. High nickel content
Low temperature and high energy density 18650 3350mAh-40℃ 0.5C discharge capacity ≥60%
Charging temperature: 0~45℃ Discharge temperature: -40~+55℃ Specific energy: 240Wh/kg -40℃ Discharge capacity retention rate: 0.5C Discharge capacity ≥ 60%
It is not difficult to understand this. The specific capacity of ternary materials increases with the increase of Ni content. In order to obtain higher capacity, increasing the Ni content is the most effective method. At present, the technology of NCM811 is relatively mature, and the ratio of materials The capacity can reach more than 190mAh/g. In order to further improve the specific capacity of the material, the majority of material manufacturers are developing ternary system materials with Ni content reaching 0.9 or even higher.
2.Single crystal material
Although high-nickel ternary materials have high capacity, the crystal structure stability of high-nickel ternary materials is poor. Especially under high voltage, oxygen evolution reaction is prone to occur, causing surface phase change of the material. Single crystallization is the solution to this problem. An effective solution to the problem, single crystal materials can effectively improve the structural stability of the material itself. At the same time, the smaller specific surface area can also reduce the occurrence of interface side reactions, thereby significantly improving the cycle performance of the material.
Countries such as Europe and the United States are currently at a disadvantage in lithium-ion battery technology, and there is no hope of catching up in a short time. Therefore, Europe and the United States are targeting the next generation of lithium-ion battery technology. All-solid-state batteries are currently the most researched and recognized next-generation lithium-ion battery technology. Solid-state electrolytes replace traditional liquid organic electrolytes and can solve the problem of poor safety of traditional lithium-ion batteries to a certain extent. At present, solid electrolytes can basically be divided into three categories:
1.Polymer electrolyte
Polymer electrolytes represented by PEO are the earliest solid electrolytes developed by people. Polymer electrolytes have good plasticity, so it is easier to deal with the interface contact problems existing in solid electrolytes, so they have also received the most attention. However, the polymer electrolyte itself is at room temperature. The conductivity is low and it generally needs to be heated to above 60°C for use. At the same time, the polymer electrolyte has poor oxidation resistance, so it cannot match high-voltage cathode materials. This has also led to great restrictions on the use of polymer electrolytes.
2. Inorganic oxide electrolyte
Inorganic oxide electrolytes, such as LLZO and other materials, have better room temperature conductivity than traditional polymer electrolytes. At the same time, oxide electrolytes have better stability at high voltages, so they have also received widespread attention. However, oxidation The interface contact between the electrolyte and the electrode is poor. In order to solve the interface contact problem, high-temperature sintering is a common method, but this may cause the analysis of the cathode material and also greatly increases the complexity of the process. At the same time, the oxide solid electrolyte is expensive The price also limits its large-scale use.
3. Sulfide electrolyte
The outstanding feature of sulfide electrolytes is their high conductivity. The conductivity at room temperature is the same as that of traditional carbonate electrolytes. Therefore, sulfide solid electrolytes also have high hopes. However, sulfide electrolytes also suffer from a common problem of solid electrolytes - the interface. Poor contact, batteries using sulfide electrolytes often have to exert huge pressure to work properly. At the same time, sulfide electrolytes will break down when exposed to moisture in the air and release H2S toxic gases. Therefore, sulfide solid electrolytes have extremely high requirements regarding the processing environment. High, which also leads to an increase in costs.
After years of technological development, the power lithium-ion battery market has surpassed 3C consumer electronics lithium-ion batteries. Ternary materials have also replaced traditional LCO materials and become the mainstream cathode materials for power lithium-ion batteries. Higher energy density is the future. The important direction for the development of power lithium-ion batteries. In order to meet this goal, high nickel and single crystallization are important trends in the development of cathode materials in the future. In terms of next-generation battery technology, solid-state batteries are currently the most mature technology. Overall Considering the good production performance and low price of polymer electrolytes, they are a promising solid electrolyte in the future.
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