There are many types of positive electrode materials for lithium-ion batteries, which can be divided into lithium cobalt oxide, lithium manganese oxide, ternary materials, lithium iron phosphate, and lithium titanate according to the different positive electrode materials. Ternary lithium battery refers to a lithium battery that uses three transition metal oxides, nickel, cobalt, and manganese, as positive electrode materials. Due to its combination of the advantages of lithium cobalt oxide, lithium nickel oxide, and lithium manganese oxide materials, its performance is superior to any of the above single component positive electrode materials. Experimental analysis shows that three elements with different valence groups form a superlattice structure, and there is a significant synergistic effect between the three components, making the material more stable and with a discharge platform of up to 3.6V. Therefore, it is considered one of the most promising cathode materials. Ternary batteries have excellent electrochemical characteristics such as high energy density, good safety and stability, support for high rate discharge, and affordable cost advantages. They have been widely used in small and medium-sized lithium batteries such as consumer digital electronic products, industrial equipment, medical instruments, and have shown strong development potential in power lithium batteries such as intelligent robots, AGV logistics vehicles, drones, and new energy vehicles.

　　At present, research on ternary materials mainly focuses on the preparation of precursors, material synthesis, and the relationship between electrochemical performance and structure. Most of the transition metal elements Ni, Co, and Mn in this material exist in+2,+3, and+4 valence states, respectively. During the charging and discharging process, only Ni2+/Ni4+and Co3+/Co4+undergo electrochemical reactions. Mn does not participate in electrochemical reactions and only stabilizes the material structure. As for the preparation methods, the commonly used synthesis methods in industry are: high-temperature solid phase method, coprecipitation method, sol gel method, hydrothermal synthesis method, combustion method, etc. Ternary materials are a type of lithium battery positive electrode material with superior comprehensive performance. By changing the molar ratio of the three materials within a certain range and adding corresponding additives (such as binders, conductive agents, current collectors, etc.), outstanding performance characteristics can be obtained in certain aspects, such as dynamic ternary lithium batteries, capacity ternary lithium batteries, ultra-low temperature ternary lithium batteries, etc.

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