During the charging process, some lithium ions in lithium iron phosphate are removed and transferred to the negative electrode through the electrolyte, which is embedded in the negative electrode carbon material; At the same time, electrons are released from the positive electrode and reach the negative electrode from the external circuit, maintaining the balance of chemical reactions. During the discharge process, lithium ions detach from the negative electrode and reach the positive electrode through the electrolyte. At the same time, the negative electrode releases electrons, which reach the positive electrode from the external circuit and provide energy to the outside world.

　　Generally speaking, nearly 80% of the capacity of retired lithium iron phosphate batteries in electric vehicles is still remaining, and there is still 20% capacity beyond the lower limit of 60% completely scrapped capacity. They can be used in situations with lower electrical energy requirements than automobiles, such as low-speed electric vehicles and communication base stations, to achieve the cascade utilization of waste batteries.

　　Lithium iron phosphate batteries that have been retired from automobiles still have high utilization value. The cascade utilization process of power batteries is as follows: enterprise recycling retired batteries - disassembly - testing and grading - classification by capacity - battery module restructuring.

　　At the battery preparation level, the remaining energy density of waste lithium iron phosphate batteries can reach 60-90Wh/kg, and the recycling life can reach 400-1000 times. With the improvement of battery preparation level, the recycling life may further be improved. Compared with lead-acid batteries with an energy of 45Wh/kg and a cycle life of about 500 times, waste lithium iron phosphate batteries still have performance advantages. Moreover, the cost of waste lithium iron phosphate batteries is relatively low, only 4000-10000 yuan/t, which has high economic efficiency.

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