When charging a lithium battery, the lithium atom in the positive electrode will lose electrons and oxidize into lithium ions. The lithium ions will swim to the negative electrode through the electrolyte, enter the storage cell of the negative electrode, and obtain an electron to reduce to a lithium atom; When discharging, the entire program is reversed. In order to prevent short circuits caused by direct contact between the positive and negative poles of the battery, a separator paper with numerous small holes is added to the battery to prevent short circuits. A good separator paper can also automatically close the small holes when the battery temperature is too high, preventing lithium ions from passing through and preventing danger.

　　The protection of lithium batteries should include: upper limit of charging voltage, lower limit of discharge voltage, and upper limit of current. Generally, in addition to the lithium battery cells, there is a protective plate inside the lithium battery pack, which mainly provides these three protections. However, these three protections of the protective board are obviously not enough. Global lithium battery explosions are still frequent, and to ensure the safety of the battery system, a more careful analysis of the causes of battery explosions is necessary.

　　1. Equipped with protective devices to prevent excessive battery temperature and damage;

　　2. When a single battery or battery pack is allowed to charge inside an explosion-proof enclosure, a protective circuit should be installed to prevent overcharging;

　　3. Faulty batteries and discarded batteries must be isolated and disposed of in specialized treatment cabinets, and the use of explosion-proof sand buckets is advocated for handling accident batteries;

　　4. When charging a lithium battery, it is necessary to set the upper voltage limit to simultaneously consider the battery's lifespan, capacity, and safety. The ideal upper limit of charging voltage is 4.2V;

　　5. When designing a lithium battery system, it is necessary to provide two separate electronic protections for overcharging, discharging, and overcurrent. The protective plate is the second protection, and after removing the protective plate, it can be charged. If the battery explodes, it indicates poor design.

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