A battery with lithium as the negative electrode. It is a new type of high-energy battery developed after the 1960s. According to the different electrolytes used, they are divided into:

　　① High temperature molten salt lithium battery;

　　② Organic electrolyte lithium batteries;

　　③ Inorganic non-aqueous electrolyte lithium battery;

　　④ Solid electrolyte lithium batteries;

　　⑤ Lithium water battery.

　　The advantages of lithium batteries are high single cell voltage, high specific energy, long storage life (up to 10 years), good high and low temperature performance, and can be used at -40~150 ℃. The disadvantage is that the price is expensive and the safety is not high. In addition, voltage hysteresis and safety issues still need to be improved. Vigorously developing power batteries and the emergence of new cathode materials, especially the development of Iron(II) phosphate lithium materials, will greatly help the development of lithium batteries.

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