Among all environmental factors, temperature has the greatest effect on the charging and discharge performance of the battery. The electrochemical reactions on the electrode/electrolyte interface are related to the ambient temperature. The electrode/electrolyte interface is considered the heart of the battery.

　　Low temperature is a bad news for batteries, because the temperature decreases, and the electrode reaction rate also decreases. Assuming that the battery voltage is kept constant, the discharge current is reduced, and the power output of the battery will decrease. Low temperature affects the transmission speed of the electrolyte, the transmission temperature decreases, the transmission is slowed, and the battery filling and discharge performance will be affected.

　　At low temperature, the viscosity of the electrolyte is reduced. The conductivity decreases, and the activity of the activated substance will also be reduced. The difference in the concentration of the electrolyte will increase, the polarization will be enhanced, and the charging will be terminated early. More importantly, the diffusion speed of lithium ions in the carbon negative will be slower. It is easy to have lithium precipitation.

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