During constant current charging, the battery is charged with constant current, and most of the energy is transferred to the battery. When the battery voltage rises to the upper limit voltage (4.2V), enter the pulse charging mode: use 1C pulse current to charge the battery intermittently. The battery voltage will increase continuously within a constant charging time Tc, and will slowly decrease when the charging stops. When the battery voltage drops to the upper limit voltage (4.2V), charge the battery with the same current value and start the next charging cycle. Repeat the charging until the battery is fully charged.

　　During the pulse charging process, the battery voltage drop speed will gradually slow down, and the charging stop time T0 will become longer. When the duty cycle of constant current charging is as low as 5%~10%, the battery is considered to be fully charged and the charging is terminated. Compared with the conventional charging method, pulse charging can be charged with a large current, and the concentration polarization and ohmic polarization of the battery will be eliminated during the charging stop period, making the next round of charging more smoothly. The charging speed is fast, the temperature change is small, and the impact on the battery life is small. Therefore, it is widely used at present. But its disadvantage is obvious: a power supply with limited current function is required, which increases the cost of pulse charging mode.

　　C. K. Leong et al. studied pulse charging. Each charging cycle lasts about 1s. First, the battery is charged in the forward direction, then stopped charging and discharged in the reverse direction for 20~30ms respectively. The positive pulse current charges the battery, while the negative pulse current reduces the release of gas from the electrode, which can quickly charge the battery with a large current.

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