The ternary lithium battery is balanced in capacity and safety, and is a battery with excellent comprehensive performance. The main functions, advantages and disadvantages of the three metal elements are as follows:

　　Co3+: reduce cation mixing occupation, stabilize the layered structure of materials, reduce impedance value, improve conductivity, and improve cycling and multiplying performance.

　　Ni2+: It can increase the capacity of the material (increase the volume energy density of the material). Due to the similar radius of Li and Ni, too much Ni will also cause lithium nickel mixed arrangement due to dislocation with Li. The higher the concentration of nickel ions in the lithium layer, the more difficult lithium is to be de embedded in the layered structure, resulting in poor electrochemical performance.

　　Mn4+: It can not only reduce the cost of materials, but also improve the safety and stability of materials. However, too high Mn content will easily lead to the appearance of spinel phase, which will destroy the layered structure, reduce the capacity and cause cyclic attenuation.

　　High energy density is the biggest advantage of ternary lithium batteries, and the voltage platform is an important indicator of battery energy density, which determines the basic efficiency and cost of batteries. The higher the voltage platform is, the greater the specific capacity is. Therefore, batteries with the same volume, weight, and even the same ampere hour have longer battery life with higher voltage platform. The discharge voltage platform of single ternary lithium battery is up to 3.7V, lithium iron phosphate is 3.2V, and lithium titanate is only 2.3V. Therefore, from the perspective of energy density, ternary lithium battery has absolute advantages over lithium iron phosphate, lithium manganate or lithium titanate.

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