What are the reasons for CR2450 battery explosion and fire?

CR2450 battery negative electrode capacity is insufficient

When the negative electrode capacity of the positive electrode of a CR2450 battery is insufficient, the lithium atoms generated during charging cannot penetrate into the interlayer structure of the negative electrode graphite, and will precipitate on the surface of the negative electrode to form crystals. The long-term formation of crystals in lithium-ion batteries will lead to short circuits. At this time, the battery cell discharges rapidly, generating a lot of heat and burning the diaphragm. High temperature will cause the electrolyte to decompose into gas, and when the pressure is too high, the battery cell will explode.

Excessive water content

During charging, water can react with lithium to generate lithium oxide, causing the battery cell to lose capacity, and easily causing the battery cell to overcharge and generate gas. The decomposition voltage of water is low, and it is easy to decompose and generate gas during charging. When this series of generated gases increases the internal pressure of the battery cell, the battery cell will explode when the outer shell of the battery cell cannot withstand it.

Internal short circuit

Internal short circuit of the battery cell causes large current discharge, generates a lot of heat, burns the diaphragm, and forms a larger short circuit phenomenon, which will cause the electrolyte to decompose into gas. The internal pressure is too high and the battery cell will explode.

CR2450 battery overcharge

When the battery cell is overcharged, the excessive release of lithium in the positive electrode will change the structure of the positive electrode, and the excessive release of lithium will easily fail to penetrate the negative electrode, which will also easily cause lithium precipitation on the surface of the negative electrode. In addition, when the voltage reaches 4.5V or above, the electrolyte will decompose and process a lot of gas. All of the above may cause explosion.

External short circuit

External short circuit may be caused by the wrong connection of the positive and negative electrodes. Due to the external short circuit, the battery discharge current is very large, which will cause the battery cell to heat up. The high temperature will cause the diaphragm inside the battery cell to shrink or completely break, forming an internal short circuit, and thus explosion.

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