A lithium battery management system (BMS) generally includes the following functions

　　Lithium battery protection (overcharge protection, overdischarge protection, overcurrent protection, etc.), voltage/current/temperature acquisition, power balance, SOC display, charge and discharge management, abnormal diagnosis, communication, etc.

　　The main functions of the protective board are:

　　Overcharge protection, overdischarge protection, overcurrent protection, short circuit protection, power balance, anomaly detection, etc.

　　Basic functions of BMS

　　The basic functions of lithium batteries are mainly five: measurement, protection, control, power SOC, and communication.

　　1. Measurement function

　　Test the voltage, temperature, and charge/discharge current of the battery to provide relevant basic data for subsequent protection, control, and SOC. The accuracy and precision of its measurement directly determine the quality of the entire system.

　　2. Protection function

　　A sound BMS generally has six basic protection functions, as follows:

　　a. Overvoltage protection (OV), also known as overcharge protection

　　When charging, if any string of batteries in the battery pack experiences overcharging, the battery system will activate overcharge protection, turn off charging, and ensure battery safety.

　　b. Under voltage protection (UV), also known as over discharge protection

　　When discharging, if the voltage of any string of batteries in the battery pack is over discharged, the battery system will undergo over discharge protection, turn off the discharge, and extend the battery life.

　　c. Overcurrent protection (OC)

　　When charging or discharging, if the current exceeds the set value of the system, the battery system will shut down charging or discharging to avoid damaging the battery.

　　d. Short circuit protection (SC)

　　When a short circuit occurs between the positive and negative terminals of the battery during charging or discharging, the battery current is instantly high, and the battery system will shut down charging or discharging to avoid damaging the battery.

　　e. High temperature protection (OT)

　　When the battery temperature exceeds the maximum operating temperature range, the system will actively shut down charging or discharging to ensure battery safety.

　　f. Low temperature protection (UT)

　　When the battery temperature exceeds the minimum operating temperature range, the system will actively shut down charging or discharging to avoid damaging the battery.

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