Scientists study using carbon nanotube films to create high-performance button battery 2025

Scientists at Rice University are studying the use of carbon nanotube films to create high-performance, fast-charging lithium metal batteries as a reasonable alternative to ordinary button battery 2025.

Research members of the James Tour laboratory at Rice University have revealed that nanotube films can effectively prevent the natural growth of dendrites in unprotected lithium metal anodes in batteries. Over time, these tentacle-like branches can penetrate the electrolyte core of the battery and reach the cathode, eventually causing the battery to fail.

This problem has hindered the use of lithium metal in the commercial market, but it has also encouraged researchers around the world to solve this problem.

Lithium metal charges much faster than lithium-ion electrodes in almost all electronic devices, including mobile phones and electric vehicles, and can hold about 10 times more energy in its volume.

"One way to slow down dendrite growth in button battery 2025 is to limit how fast the battery can be charged. But people don't like that. They want it to charge faster," Tour said.

"Our team's solution to this problem, described in detail in the journal Advanced Materials, is simple, inexpensive, and very effective in stopping dendrite growth," Tour explained.

"All we did was coat a lithium foil with a thin film of multi-walled carbon nanotubes. The nanotube film adheres to the lithium metal surface and the film changes from black to white. Red, and if the film is turned over, it can promote the diffusion of lithium ions.

Scientists prepare high-performance batteries by coating carbon nanotube films on the surface of lithium metal

After 500 charge and discharge cycles by Rice University researchers, the morphology of the metal lithium anode is shown in the figure. The electrode on the left has a layer of carbon nanotubes to prevent the growth of dendrites. The right picture shows the morphology of dendrite growth in the unprotected metal lithium anode

Rodrigo Salvatierra, a postdoctoral researcher at Rice University, said: "Physical contact with metallic lithium will cause loss of nanotube film, but it can be balanced by adding lithium ions, and these lithium ions are distributed on the nanotube film. ”

When the battery is used, the nanotube film discharges the stored ions while the underlying lithium anode recharges, maintaining the film’s ability to prevent dendrite growth.

In previous experiments, we tested the battery over more than 580 charge-discharge cycles using a carbon sulfide cathode and found that the nanotube film structure effectively quenched dendrite growth. The researchers report that the full lithium metal battery retained 99.8% of its Coulombic efficiency, a measure of how well electrons move through an electrochemical system.

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