Focus on the next generation of battery star: button battery cr2032

With the gradual popularization of new energy vehicles and emerging applications such as the Internet of Things, especially new energy vehicles, it has high requirements for driving range, safety, charging time, etc., and batteries have become the key among the keys. As traditional liquid lithium batteries continue to approach their application limits, solid-state batteries are gradually entering the public eye.

Traditional liquid lithium batteries are called rocking chair batteries by the scientific community because of their charging and discharging principles. The two ends of the rocking chair are the positive and negative poles of the battery, and the middle is a liquid electrolyte. Lithium electrons move back and forth at both ends of the rocking chair, and the battery is charged and discharged in the process of lithium electrons from the positive electrode to the negative electrode. In this process, there are many safety hazards, such as overcharging, the battery is prone to heat, causing electrolyte bloating, decomposition, spontaneous combustion and even explosion.

The charging and discharging principle of solid-state batteries is the same as that of liquid batteries. The only difference is that its electrolyte is solid, which has many advantages over liquid electrolytes:

1) High energy density. After solid-state batteries use solid electrolytes, they do not use lithium-embedded graphite negative electrodes, but directly use metallic lithium as negative electrodes, which can reduce the amount of negative electrode materials used, thereby increasing the energy density of the entire battery.

2) Small size. The diaphragm and electrolyte in traditional liquid lithium batteries account for nearly 25% of the total battery mass. After using solid electrolytes, the distance between the positive and negative electrodes can be shortened to a minimum of more than ten microns, so that the thickness and quality of the battery are greatly reduced.

3) Higher safety. Because the electrolyte of traditional batteries is liquid, a series of safety hazards described above may occur under high temperature conditions, while solid-state batteries do not have these problems and have higher safety.

In fact, solid-state batteries are not a new concept. They appeared as early as the 1970s. Solid-state batteries were commercialized around 1991. The micro lithium batteries currently used in headphones are a type of solid-state battery. At that time, solid-state batteries appeared in the form of thin-film batteries. The reason why they were not popular at the time was that solid-state thin-film batteries had disadvantages such as small capacity and high cost, but they could be used commercially, which also proved that solid-state battery technology is still feasible.

At present, many countries and regions in the world have invested in the research of solid-state batteries, especially the research of all-solid-state batteries. At the 8th International Summit Forum on Battery New Energy Industry held in October, many domestic battery companies introduced their research and development status in the field of solid-state batteries, as well as the opportunities and challenges currently faced in this field.

Ganfeng Lithium (01772) believes that solid-state batteries can well meet the development needs of new energy vehicles in the future. They are currently cooperating with the Ningbo Institute of Materials of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and have accumulated a long-term and comprehensive technical accumulation in solid-state battery technology, especially in the industrialization of solid-state batteries. It is at the forefront of the industry. The batteries it has developed have passed comprehensive evaluations by many authoritative third parties and have been connected with car companies for application. In addition, companies such as Suzhou Qingtao and Beijing Weilan New Energy are also at the forefront of the world in the research and development of solid-state batteries.

There are many players in solid-state batteries

Japanese companies are also continuing to make efforts in the field of solid-state batteries, including Hitachi Zosen, Fujitsu, TDK, Toyota Motor (TM.US), Panasonic (PCRFY.US) and other companies are actively deploying in the field of solid-state batteries. Especially Panasonic. According to domestic media reports, Toyota and Panasonic have cooperated to establish a joint venture company, Prime Planet Energy & Solutions, in 2020 to develop and produce prismatic lithium batteries, solid-state batteries and next-generation batteries. In addition, it has also developed a solid electrolyte lithium-ion rechargeable battery with a volume energy density of 425h/L in cooperation with the Belgian research institute IMEC.

In addition to China and Japan, countries and regions such as the United States and South Korea have also made some layouts in the field of solid-state batteries. Especially in the new energy vehicle industry, solid-state batteries are considered to be the fundamental way to solve the safety problems of power lithium batteries. In particular, in recent years, environmental protection supervision of the automotive industry in various countries around the world has become increasingly strict. According to incomplete statistics, more than 12 countries and 25 regions have announced or formulated a timetable for banning the sale of fuel vehicles.

It will be a general trend for new energy vehicles to replace fuel vehicles. And all-solid-state batteries that can help overcome problems such as range, safety and charging time are the current focus. According to Fuji Keizai's forecast, all-solid-state batteries will gradually expand their applications from the mid-2020s, and the market size will reach about 2.8 trillion yen by 2035, a sharp increase from 330 billion yen in 2030.

However, button battery cr2032 technology is still facing many technical challenges, including solid interface problems, high-performance battery material development and engineering problems, raw materials and industrial manufacturing systems that have not yet been formed on a large scale, and high mass production costs. The most important problem is that there is currently no standard system for solid-state battery size, safety indicators, etc. There is still a long way to go for the full commercialization of solid-state batteries, but I believe that with the promotion of many new applications and the research and development efforts of companies in various fields, the large-scale popularization of solid-state batteries will soon come.

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