(1) SOC estimation function

　　Accurately estimating the numerical variation of SOC is very important, and its algorithm is one of the core competitiveness of related enterprises. The estimation accuracy of SOC is high, and for the same amount of batteries, it can have a higher range. So, high-precision SOC estimation can effectively reduce the required battery cost. SOC is the transmission information calculated based on the external characteristic information monitored. SOC not only informs the car owner of the current battery level, but also allows the car to understand its own battery level, prevent overcharging and discharging, improve balance consistency, increase output power, and reduce additional redundancy. The underlying components of the system undergo complex algorithmic calculations to ensure the safe and stable operation of the vehicle, thereby improving safety.

　　(2) Thermal management function

　　Thermal management mainly includes determining the optimal operating temperature range of the battery, calculating and predicting the thermal field of the battery, selecting heat transfer media, designing the heat dissipation structure of the thermal management system, and selecting stable points for predicting the fan. Ensure that the battery operates within the appropriate temperature range and reduce temperature differences between various battery modules.

　　(3) Balance control function

　　Balance control is divided into active balance and passive balance.

　　Active balancing is the balancing of the capacity or voltage differences between individual battery cells during the charging, discharging, or placement process of a battery pack, in order to eliminate various inconsistencies within the battery.

　　The balancing method mainly relies on passive balancing, using a single battery parallel shunt energy consumption resistor, and can only perform balancing work during the charging process. Its working principle is to collect voltage and discover the differences between series connected single cells. Based on the set upper limit threshold voltage of the charging voltage, any single cell battery that first reaches the upper limit threshold voltage during charging and detects the difference with adjacent cells in the battery group will discharge current through the energy consumption resistor parallel connected to the single cell, and so on, until the lowest voltage single cell reaches the upper limit threshold voltage as a balance cycle.

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